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针对 Oracle 数据迁移，我们可能会用到 expdp/impdp 的方式，有时候需要大表、lob 字段等可能会消耗过大的临时表空间和 undo 表空间，所以一般我们根据导出日志，在导入前适当调整表空间大小。否则我们可能会遇到以下问题：
1、临时表空间爆满，无法扩展
ORA-1652: unable to extend temp segment by 128 in tablespace TEMP
解决方案如下：
（1）临时表空间使用情况查看：col file_name for a85;
set line 200;
select file_name, BYTES/1024/1024/1024 Size_GB, MAXBYTES/1024/1024/1024 Msize_GB, AUTOEXTENSIBLE from dba_temp_files;
（2）使用临时段 session 查看：SELECT se.username,
se.sid,
se.serial#,
se.machine,
se.program,
su.segtype,
su.contents
FROM v$session se,
v$sort_usage su
WHERE se.saddr=su.session_addr ;
USERNAME SID SERIAL# MACHINE PROGRAM SEGTYPE CONTENTS
--------------- ---------- ---------- -------------------- ----------------------------------- --------- ---------
impdpuser 5 28002 test.localhost.com oracle@test.localhost.com (DW00) LOB_DATA TEMPORARY
impdpuser 5 28002 test.localhost.com oracle@test.localhost.com (DW00) SORT TEMPORARY
impdpuser 5 28002 test.localhost.com oracle@test.localhost.com (DW00) SORT TEMPORARY
impdpuser 5 28002 test.localhost.com oracle@test.localhost.com (DW00) SORT TEMPORARY（3）增加临时表空间数据文件：alter tablespace temp add TEMPFILE '/home/U01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf ' size 50M autoextend on next 50M;2、查看 impdp 进度情况
（1）登陆交互模式
impdp impdpuser/impdpuser@service_name directory=datadump_dir dumpfile=impdp.dmp logfile=impdp.log attach=SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01
使用 status 查看进度信息
Import> status
Job: SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01
Operation: IMPORT
Mode: FULL
State: EXECUTING
Bytes Processed: 0
Current Parallelism: 1
Job Error Count: 0
Dump File: /home/oracle/data.dmp
Worker 1 Status:
Instance ID: 1
Instance name: testdb
Host name: test.localhost.com
Process Name: DW00
State: EXECUTING
Object Schema: USERNAME01
Object Name: TABLE_T1
Object Type: SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Completed Objects: 1
Total Objects: 34
Completed Rows: 816,282,438
Completed Bytes: 64,412,720,616
Percent Done: 99
Worker Parallelism: 1
(2) 数据字典查看
select * from dba_datapump_jobs ;3、undo 表空间爆满
ORA-30036: unable to extend segment by 8 in undo tablespace ‘UNDOTBS1’
解决方案：
（1）查看 undo 表空间使用情况
col file_name for a85;
set line 200;
select file_name,bytes/1024/1024 from dba_data_files where tablespace_name like 'UNDOTBS%';
SELECT UPPER(F.TABLESPACE_NAME) AS "TABLESPACE_NAME",
ROUND(D.MAX_BYTES,2) AS "TBS_TOTAL_SIZE" ,
ROUND(D.AVAILB_BYTES ,2) AS "TABLESPACE_SIZE",
ROUND(D.MAX_BYTES - D.AVAILB_BYTES +USED_BYTES,2) AS "TBS_AVABLE_SIZE",
ROUND((D.AVAILB_BYTES - F.USED_BYTES),2) AS "TBS_USED_SIZE",
TO_CHAR(ROUND((D.AVAILB_BYTES - F.USED_BYTES) / D.AVAILB_BYTES * 100,2),'999.99') AS "USED_RATE(%)",
ROUND(F.USED_BYTES, 6) AS "FREE_SIZE(G)"
FROM (SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(SUM(BYTES) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 6) USED_BYTES,
ROUND(MAX(BYTES) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 6) MAX_BYTES
FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) F,
(SELECT DD.TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(SUM(DD.BYTES) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 6) AVAILB_BYTES,
ROUND(SUM(DECODE(DD.MAXBYTES, 0, DD.BYTES, DD.MAXBYTES))/(1024*1024*1024),6) MAX_BYTES
FROM DBA_DATA_FILES DD
GROUP BY DD.TABLESPACE_NAME) D
WHERE D.TABLESPACE_NAME = F.TABLESPACE_NAME
AND D.TABLESPACE_NAME=&UNDO_TABLESPACE_NAME
ORDER BY 5 DESC;
（2）查看 undo 段使用情况
select s.username, u.name from v$transaction t,v$rollstat r, v$rollname u,v$session s
where s.taddr=t.addr and t.xidusn=r.usn and r.usn=u.usn order by s.username;
select usn,xacts,rssize/1024/1024/1024,hwmsize/1024/1024/1024,shrinks
from v$rollstat order by rssize;
（3）查看归档日志切换情况
SELECT to_char(trunc(first_time),'DD-Mon-YY') "Date",
to_char(first_time, 'Dy') "Day",
'|' separator,
count(1) Total,
'|' separator,
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'00',1,0)) "h0",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'01',1,0)) "h1",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'02',1,0)) "h2",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'03',1,0)) "h3",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'04',1,0)) "h4",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'05',1,0)) "h5",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'06',1,0)) "h6",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'07',1,0)) "h7",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'08',1,0)) "h8",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'09',1,0)) "h9",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'10',1,0)) "h10",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'11',1,0)) "h11",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'12',1,0)) "h12",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'13',1,0)) "h13",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'14',1,0)) "h14",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'15',1,0)) "h15",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'16',1,0)) "h16",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'17',1,0)) "h17",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'18',1,0)) "h18",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'19',1,0)) "h19",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'20',1,0)) "h20",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'21',1,0)) "h21",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'22',1,0)) "h22",
SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'23',1,0)) "h23"
from v$log_history
-- where standby_dest = 'NO'
-- and CREATOR IN ('ARCH' , 'FGRD')
group by trunc(first_time), to_char(first_time, 'Dy')
order by trunc(first_time);
--logswitchfreq.sql
（4）查看相关 SQL
set line 200;
set pagesize 20000;
col sql_text for a45;
col elapsed_rank for 999;
select *
from (select v.sql_id,
v.sql_text,
v.elapsed_time/1000000 elapsed_time ,
v.cpu_time/1000000 cpu_time,
v.disk_reads,
v.executions,
rank() over(order by v.disk_reads desc) elapsed_rank
from v$sqlarea v) a
where elapsed_rank <= 10;
(4) 增加表空间数据文件
alter undo tablespace undotbs1 add datafile '/home/U01/oracle/oradata/test/UNDOTBS1a.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 100M;
(5) 改变默认 undo 表空间
create undo tablespace undotbs2 datafile '/home/U01/oracle/oradata/test/UNDOTBS2.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 100m;
alter system set undo_tablespace=undotbs2 scope=both;更多 Oracle 相关信息见 Oracle 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=12
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