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mysqldump备份失败以及解决方法汇总

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MySQLdump 备份失败以及解决方法汇总

〇 mysqldump: Error: Query execution was interrupted, maximum statement execution time exceeded when trying to dump tablespaces
〇 mysqldump: Error 3024: Query execution was interrupted, maximum statement execution time exceeded when dumping table `$tb_name` at row: xxxx

版本:
MySQL 5.7.8+
原因:
max_execution_time 过小
处理思路:
① 通过 hints,增大 N 值(文档说,在 hints 用法中,将 N 改为 0 为无限制,但我测下来不生效,可设置成一个较大值如 999999 解决)
SELECT /*+ MAX_EXECUTION_TIME(N) */ * FROM t1 LIMIT 100000;
② 修改 max_execution_time 值,将该值设置为较大一个值,或设置为 0(不限制)
附录:
该参数 5.7.8 被添加,单位为 ms,动态参数,默认为 0,设置为 0 时意味着 SELECT 超时不被设置(不限制超时时间)。不作用于存储过程中的 SELECT 语句,并且只作用于只读的 SELECT,如 INSERT … SELECT … 是不被作用的。
for more information:
http://blog.itpub.net/29773961/viewspace-2150443/

〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute SHOW FIELDS FROM `$view_name`: View $db_name.$view_name references invalid table(s) or column(s) or function(s) or definer/invoker of view lack rights to use them (1356)

原因:
该 view 引用了无效的表,列,函数或者定义者。
处理思路:
可以根据报错信息,进入 db,执行 SHOW CREATE VIEW $view_name\G,查看该 view 的定义,逐一检查该 view 的基表,列,或相关函数与用户是否具有相关权限。考虑重建或删除视图。

〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute show create table `$view_name`: Illegal mix of collations for operation UNION (1271)

原因:

创建 view 时,使用 UNION 时存在非法的排序规则组合。
处理思路:
检查该视图定义,检查字符集,考虑重建或删除视图。

mysqldump: Couldnt execute SHOW FIELDS FROM `$view_name`: The user specified as a definer ($user@$host) does not exist (1449)
〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute show table status like $view_name: SELECT command denied to user @% for column $col_name in table $tb_name (1143)

原因:
该视图的定义者 $user@$host 不存在。
处理思路:
检查 mysql.user 表,确认用户是否存在,考虑重建或删除视图。

〇 Error: Couldnt read status information for table Income_config ()mysqldump: Couldnt execute show create table `Tser_table`: Table $db_name.test_table doesnt exist (1146)
〇 mysqldump: Got error: 1049: Unknown database $db_name when selecting the database

原因一:
从 lower_case_table_names 的 0 设置成 1,导致部分原来含有大写字母的库表“找不到”。
处理思路:
将 lower_case_table_names 设置回 0。
若有必须将 lower_case_table_names 设置为 1,需先设置为 0,并将含有大写字母的库表改成小写,再设置为 1。

原因二(MySQL 5.5 及以下版本可能出现):
表损坏导致该表找不到(InnoDB)。frm 和 ibd 文件都在,但无法 SHOW CREATE TABLE xxx\G
error log 一则:

  1. 170820 17:43:17 [Note] Event Scheduler: scheduler thread started with id 1
  2. 170820 17:44:48 InnoDB: error: space object of table ‘$db_name/$tb_name’,
  3. InnoDB: space id 4335 did not exist in memory. Retrying an open.
  4. 170820 17:44:48 InnoDB: Error: tablespace id and flags in file ‘./$db_name/$tb_name.ibd’ are 0 and 0, but in the InnoDB
  5. InnoDB: data dictionary they are 4335 and 0.
  6. InnoDB: Have you moved InnoDB .ibd files around without using the
  7. InnoDB: commands DISCARD TABLESPACE and IMPORT TABLESPACE?
  8. InnoDB: Please refer to
  9. InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/innodbtroubleshootingdatadict.html
  10. InnoDB: for how to resolve the issue.
  11. 170820 17:44:48 InnoDB: cannot calculate statistics for table $db_name/$tb_name
  12. InnoDB: because the .ibd file is missing. For help, please refer to
  13. InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/innodbtroubleshooting.html
  14. 170820 17:44:48 [ERROR] MySQL is trying to open a table handle but the .ibd file for
  15. table $db_name/$tb_name does not exist.
  16. Have you deleted the .ibd file from the database directory under
  17. the MySQL datadir, or have you used DISCARD TABLESPACE?
  18. See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/innodbtroubleshooting.html
  19. how you can resolve the problem.

处理思路:
从完整备份 +binlog 还原,对于有主或从的实例,可通过物理备份还原。

〇 mysqldump: Error 2020: Got packet bigger than max_allowed_packet bytes when dumping table `$tb_name` at row: xxxx

原因:
默认的 max_allowed_packet 过小
处理思路:
在 mysqldump 时增加 max_allowed_packet 的大小,如 mysqldump –max-allowed-packet=268435456

〇 mysqldump: Error 1412: Table definition has changed, please retry transaction when dumping table `$tb_name` at row: 0

原因:
在备份该表时,表定义被修改。FLUSH TABLE WITH READ LOCK 只保证数据一致性,并不保证 schema 不被修改。
处理思路:
备份时期不做 DDL 操作。
复现一:

  1. ① session1> CREATE TABLE a (id int) ENGINE=InnoDB;
  2. ② session2> START TRANSACTION WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT;
  3. ③ session1> ALTER TABLE a ADD COLUMN name varchar(32);
  4. ④ session2> SELECT * FROM a;
  5. ERROR 1412 (HY000): Table definition has changed, please retry transaction

p.s. 如果③和④调换顺序,则 ALTER TABLE 无法成功,则会等待 MDL。
复现二:

  1. ① session1> START TRANSACTION WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT;
  2. ② session2> CREATE TABLE b (id int) ENGINE=InnoDB;
  3. ③ session1> SELECT * FROM b;
  4. ERROR 1412 (HY000): Table definition has changed, please retry transaction

〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute show create table `$tb_name`: Unable to open underlying table which is differently defined or of non-MyISAM type or doesnt exist (1168)

原因:
出现在表引擎为 MERGE 时,备份到该表时,发现该表定义存在问题。可能 merge 的表不存在,或者该表合并的基表包含非 MyISAM 引擎的表。
处理思路:
删除或者重建该 MERGE 表。
复现一(merge 表中定义包含了非 MyISAM 表):

  1. CREATE TABLE t1(id int) ENGINE=InnoDB;
  2. CREATE TABLE t2(id int) ENGINE=MyISAM;
  3. CREATE TABLE merge_t(id int)ENGINE=MERGE UNION=(t1, t2);
  4. SELECT * FROM merge_t;
  5. ERROR 1168 (HY000): Unable to open underlying table which is differently defined or of non-MyISAM type or doesn‘t exist

复现二(表不存在):

  1. CREATE TABLE t1(id int) ENGINE=MyISAM;
  2. CREATE TABLE t2(id int) ENGINE=MyISAM;
  3. CREATE TABLE merge_t(id int)ENGINE=MERGE UNION=(t1, t2);
  4. SELECT * FROM merge_t;
  5. Empty set (0.00 sec)    — 正常返回
  6. DROP TABLE t1;
  7. SELECT * FROM merge_t;
  8. ERROR 1168 (HY000): Unable to open underlying table which is differently defined or of non-MyISAM type or doesn’t exist

附录:
通过 check table merge_t 可以检查是哪张表有问题,如此处是 t1:

  1. [15:20:12] root@localhost [test]> check table merge_t\G
  2. *************************** 1. row ***************************
  3.   Table: test.merge_t
  4.      Op: check
  5. Msg_type: Error
  6. Msg_text: Table ‘test.t1’ is differently defined or of non-MyISAM type or doesn‘t exist
  7. *************************** 2. row ***************************
  8.   Table: test.merge_t
  9.      Op: check
  10. Msg_type: Error
  11. Msg_text: Unable to open underlying table which is differently defined or of non-MyISAM type or doesn’t exist
  12. *************************** 3. row ***************************
  13.   Table: test.merge_t
  14.      Op: check
  15. Msg_type: error
  16. Msg_text: Corrupt
  17. 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

通过 cat 表 MGR 定义结构文件可以检查 MERGE 表的基表:

  1. [root@host test]# pwd
  2. /data/mysqldata/mysql57/data/test
  3. [root@host test]# cat merge_t.MRG
  4. t1
  5. t2

〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute show create table `$tb_name`: Table ./$db_name/$tb_name is marked as crashed and last (automatic?) repair failed (144)
〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute show create table `$tb_name`: Table ./$db_name/$tb_name is marked as crashed and should be repaired (145)
〇 mysqldump: Error 1194: Table throne_tower is marked as crashed and should be repaired when dumping table `$tb_name` at row: xxxxx

原因:
mysqldump 在拉取表定义时报错,表损坏。
处理思路:
该损坏发生在非事务表如 MyISAM,通过 mysqlcheck 或者 repair table 修复即可。

〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute SHOW FUNCTION STATUS WHERE Db = $db_name: Cannot load from mysql.$tb_name. The table is probably corrupted (1728)

原因:
字典表不正确,可能是表本身损坏,也有可能是导入了其他版本的 mysql schema 盖掉了字典表。
处理思路:
repair table 修复,若仍无用,则可以尝试 mysql_upgrade 来修复,或找到对应版本的 mysql_system_tables_fix.sql 来导入。

〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute show events: Cannot proceed because system tables used by Event Scheduler were found damaged at server start (1577)

原因:
字典表不正确,极大可能是导入了其他版本的 mysql schema 盖掉了字典表。
处理思路:
尝试 mysql_upgrade 来修复,或找到对应版本的 mysql_system_tables_fix.sql 来导入。该报错可能在 upgrade 操作之后重启实例。

〇 mysqldump: Error: Got error 28 from storage engine when trying to dump tablespaces
mysqldump: Couldnt execute show fields from `$tb_name`: Got error 28 from storage engine (1030)

原因:
@@tmpdir 满了。
处理思路:
清除 @@tmpdir,可以通过 SELECT @@tmpdir; 检查具体目录。

〇 mysqldump: Lost connection to MySQL server during query (2013)
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘@@socket’ (111)

原因:
mysqldump 执行过程中 mysqld 被关闭。
处理思路:
检查 mysqld 被关闭的原因,一般常见原因是发生 OOM。

〇 mysqldump: Couldn’t execute ‘SHOW SLAVE STATUS’: Access denied; you need (at least one of) the SUPER, REPLICATION CLIENT privilege(s) for this operation (1227)

原因:
mysqldump 加了 –dump-slave 参数,缺少 SUPER 或 REPLICATION CLIENT 来执行 SHOW SLAVE STATUS。
处理思路:
检查 mysqldump 的用户权限。

〇 mysqldump: Couldn’t execute ‘STOP SLAVE SQL_THREAD’: Access denied for user ‘dump’@’localhost’ (using password: YES) (1045)

原因:
mysqldump 加了 –dump-slave 参数,缺少 SUPER 权限使用 STOP SLAVE SQL_THREAD。
处理思路:
检查 mysqldump 的用户权限。

本文永久更新链接地址:http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2018-01/15069.htm

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