CentOS 6 安装 MySQL 8.0.x

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1. 先查询是否安装 MySQL

大多数 CentOS 6 自带 MySQL5.1

命令：

rpm -qa|grep mysql

执行：

[root@lifan ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.i686

2. 若有则卸载

rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs

–nodeps 是消除依赖的意思

3. 去官网复制 yum 下载链接用 wget 下载到服务器

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

命令：

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el6-1.noarch.rpm

成功：

[root@lifan ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el6-1.noarch.rpm
--2018-12-10 06:40:42--  
...
Length: 25800 (25K) [application/x-RedHat-package-manager]
Saving to:“mysql80-community-release-el6-1.noarch.rpm”2018-12-10 06:40:42 (95.8 MB/s) -“mysql80-community-release-el6-1.noarch.rpm”saved [25800/25800]

若没有 wget

[root@lifan ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el6-1.noarch.rpm
-bash: wget: command not found

安装 wget

yum -y install wget

4. 安装

第一步：

rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el6-1.noarch.rpm

执行成功结果：

[root@lifan ~]# rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el6-1.noarch.rpm
warning: mysql80-community-release-el6-1.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql80-community-relea########################################### [100%]
[root@lifan ~]# 

第二步：

yum install mysql-server

执行后会跳出 2 次选择，输入 y 回车继续即可，如：

[root@lifan ~]# yum install mysql-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
...
Install       5 Package(s)
Total download size: 452 M
Installed size: 1.7 G
Is this ok [y/N]: y

输入 y 继续安装：

...
Total                                                                                                                              16 MB/s | 452 MB     00:28     
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
Userid : MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.Oracle.com>
Package: mysql80-community-release-el6-1.noarch (installed)
From   : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Is this ok [y/N]: y

最后出现如下指令，安装成功：

Installed:
mysql-community-server.i686 0:8.0.13-1.el6                      
Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-client.i686 0:8.0.13-1.el6  mysql-community-common.i686 0:8.0.13-1.el6  mysql-community-libs.i686 0:8.0.13-1.el6  numactl.i686 0:2.0.9-2.el6 
Complete!

5. 查询是否安装成功

[root@lifan ~]# mysqladmin -V
mysqladmin  Ver 8.0.13 for Linux on i686 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

6. 开启 MySqL

[root@lifan ~]# service mysqld start
Initializing MySQL database:  
                                                   [OK]
Starting mysqld:                                           [OK]

查看 MySQL 启动状态:

[root@lifan ~]# service mysqld status
mysqld (pid  3852) is running...

7. 查看系统给 root 自动生成的密码

cat /var/log/mysqld.log

执行结果（密码在第二行最后）：

[root@lifan ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-12-10T12:19:20.303739Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server in progress as process 3620
2018-12-10T12:19:24.878215Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: >J9tXQXwK3y=
2018-12-10T12:19:29.237165Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) initializing of server has completed
2018-12-10T12:19:32.011310Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.13) starting as process 3852
2018-12-10T12:19:33.144590Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2018-12-10T12:19:33.201007Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '8.0.13'  socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock'  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server - GPL.
2018-12-10T12:19:33.272837Z 0 [System] [MY-011323] [Server] X Plugin ready for connections. Socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock' bind-address: '::' port: 33060

8. 命令行登录和修改密码

[root@lifan ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 

输入上一步骤查看的密码（输入时不显示任何字符）：

[root@lifan ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. 
...
mysql> 

修改密码：

mySql5.7 之后，必须修改密码后才能操作.
并且对密码要求严格，至少 8 位，包含大小写等，若想设置成 123456，则要以下两条命令：mysql> set global validate_password.policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password.length=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

设置密码：

mysql> alter user user() identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)

9. 远程登录（Navicat）

注意：需关闭防火墙或者开放 3306 端口

service iptables stop #暂时关闭
chkconfig iptables off #设置成开启不自启
==========
/sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT #开启 3306 端口 
/etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save #保存配置
/etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables restart #重启服务 

远程登录会报如下错误：

首先查看用户表，发现登录主机是 localhost，当然不能登录，把 root 用户的 localhost 设置为 %，这样任意主机都可以连接。

mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> select user,host from user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
    +------------------+-----------+
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
| root             | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user ='root';

再刷新一下:

flush privileges;

这时该问题已解决，若报如下错误，则是版本加密方式的改变

登录后请依次执行如下命令：

use mysql; 
 
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; #更改加密方式
 
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';# 更新用户密码
 
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;# 刷新权限 

再次连接成功：

：