共计 17484 个字符,预计需要花费 44 分钟才能阅读完成。
一、默认网站
每一个 web 服务器软件一般默认都会提供一个用于测试的网站,apache 也为用户提供了一个默认网站。默认网站的配置写在默认配置文件中。
二、配置文件
[root@zutuanxue conf]# cat httpd.conf
# | |
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file. It contains the | |
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions. | |
# See (URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/); for detailed information. | |
# In particular, see | |
# URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/directives.html; | |
# for a discussion of each configuration directive. | |
# | |
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding | |
# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure | |
# consult the online docs. You have been warned. | |
# | |
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many | |
# of the server's control files begin with"/"(or"drive:/" for Win32), the | |
# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin | |
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/access_log" | |
# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache2" will be interpreted by the | |
# server as "/usr/local/apache2/logs/access_log", whereas "/logs/access_log" | |
# will be interpreted as '/logs/access_log'. | |
# | |
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's | |
# configuration, error, and log files are kept. | |
# | |
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path. If you point | |
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to specify a local disk on the | |
# Mutex directive, if file-based mutexes are used. If you wish to share the | |
# same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at | |
# least PidFile. | |
# | |
#apache 软件根目录,apache 安装路径。 | |
ServerRoot "/usr/local/apache" | |
# | |
# Mutex: Allows you to set the mutex mechanism and mutex file directory | |
# for individual mutexes, or change the global defaults | |
# | |
# Uncomment and change the directory if mutexes are file-based and the default | |
# mutex file directory is not on a local disk or is not appropriate for some | |
# other reason. | |
# | |
# Mutex default:logs | |
# | |
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or | |
# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost> | |
# directive. | |
# | |
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to | |
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses. | |
# | |
# 设置 apache 监听端口及监听 IP 地址 | |
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80 | |
Listen 80 | |
# | |
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support | |
# | |
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you | |
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the | |
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used. | |
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need | |
# to be loaded here. | |
# | |
# 动态共享对象支持, 使用 LoadModule 指令为 apaceh 添加功能模块 --enable-so | |
# Example: | |
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so | |
# | |
# 可载入模块,参考(http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/) | |
LoadModule mpm_event_module modules/mod_mpm_event.so | |
#LoadModule mpm_prefork_module modules/mod_mpm_prefork.so | |
#LoadModule mpm_worker_module modules/mod_mpm_worker.so | |
LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so | |
#LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so | |
#LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so | |
#LoadModule authn_dbd_module modules/mod_authn_dbd.so | |
#LoadModule authn_socache_module modules/mod_authn_socache.so | |
LoadModule authn_core_module modules/mod_authn_core.so | |
LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so | |
LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so | |
LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so | |
#LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so | |
#LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so | |
#LoadModule authz_dbd_module modules/mod_authz_dbd.so | |
LoadModule authz_core_module modules/mod_authz_core.so | |
LoadModule access_compat_module modules/mod_access_compat.so | |
LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so | |
#LoadModule auth_form_module modules/mod_auth_form.so | |
#LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so | |
#LoadModule allowmethods_module modules/mod_allowmethods.so | |
#LoadModule file_cache_module modules/mod_file_cache.so | |
#LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so | |
#LoadModule cache_disk_module modules/mod_cache_disk.so | |
#LoadModule cache_socache_module modules/mod_cache_socache.so | |
#LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so | |
#LoadModule socache_dbm_module modules/mod_socache_dbm.so | |
#LoadModule socache_memcache_module modules/mod_socache_memcache.so | |
#LoadModule socache_redis_module modules/mod_socache_redis.so | |
#LoadModule watchdog_module modules/mod_watchdog.so | |
#LoadModule macro_module modules/mod_macro.so | |
#LoadModule dbd_module modules/mod_dbd.so | |
#LoadModule dumpio_module modules/mod_dumpio.so | |
#LoadModule buffer_module modules/mod_buffer.so | |
#LoadModule ratelimit_module modules/mod_ratelimit.so | |
LoadModule reqtimeout_module modules/mod_reqtimeout.so | |
#LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so | |
#LoadModule request_module modules/mod_request.so | |
#LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so | |
LoadModule filter_module modules/mod_filter.so | |
#LoadModule substitute_module modules/mod_substitute.so | |
#LoadModule sed_module modules/mod_sed.so | |
#LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so | |
LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so | |
LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so | |
#LoadModule log_debug_module modules/mod_log_debug.so | |
#LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so | |
LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so | |
#LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so | |
LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so | |
#LoadModule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.so | |
LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so | |
LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so | |
#LoadModule remoteip_module modules/mod_remoteip.so | |
#LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so | |
#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so | |
#LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so | |
#LoadModule proxy\_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so | |
#LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so | |
#LoadModule proxy_scgi_module modules/mod_proxy_scgi.so | |
#LoadModule proxy_uwsgi_module modules/mod_proxy_uwsgi.so | |
#LoadModule proxy_fdpass_module modules/mod_proxy_fdpass.so | |
#LoadModule proxy_wstunnel_module modules/mod_proxy_wstunnel.so | |
#LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so | |
#LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so | |
#LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so | |
#LoadModule proxy_hcheck_module modules/mod_proxy_hcheck.so | |
#LoadModule session_module modules/mod_session.so | |
#LoadModule session_cookie_module modules/mod_session_cookie.so | |
#LoadModule session_dbd_module modules/mod_session_dbd.so | |
#LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so | |
#LoadModule lbmethod_byrequests_module modules/mod_lbmethod_byrequests.so | |
#LoadModule lbmethod_bytraffic_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bytraffic.so | |
#LoadModule lbmethod_bybusyness_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bybusyness.so | |
#LoadModule lbmethod_heartbeat_module modules/mod_lbmethod_heartbeat.so | |
LoadModule unixd_module modules/mod_unixd.so | |
#LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so | |
LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so | |
LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so | |
#LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so | |
#LoadModule cgid_module modules/mod_cgid.so | |
#LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so | |
#LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so | |
#LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so | |
LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so | |
#LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so | |
#LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so | |
LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so | |
#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so | |
# 启用模块 unixd_module 设置 apache 守护进程 httpd 的管理用户和组 | |
# 启用模块注意格式 <IfModule 模块名称_module> | |
# 结束 </IfModule> | |
# 启用的前提是已经使用 LoadModule 指令载入了该模块 | |
<IfModule unixd\_module> | |
# | |
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run | |
# httpd as root initially and it will switch. | |
# | |
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as. | |
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for | |
# running httpd, as with most system services. | |
# | |
# 指定守护进程 httpd 的管理用户 | |
User daemon | |
# 指定守护进程 httpd 的管理组 | |
Group daemon | |
</IfModule> | |
# 'Main' server configuration | |
# | |
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main' | |
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a | |
# <VirtualHost> definition. These values also provide defaults for | |
# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file. | |
# | |
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers, | |
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the | |
# virtual host being defined. | |
# | |
# | |
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be | |
# e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such | |
# as error documents. e.g. admin@your-domain.com | |
# | |
# 指定管理员 email 地址 | |
ServerAdmin you@example.com | |
# | |
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself. | |
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify | |
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup. | |
# | |
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here. | |
# | |
# 指定服务器在 DNS 上注册的名称 FQDN | |
#ServerName www.example.com:80 | |
ServerName 127.0.0.1 | |
# | |
# Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must | |
# explicitly permit access to web content directories in other | |
# <Directory> blocks below. | |
# | |
#apache 目录访问权限 | |
# 使用 <Directory /path> 指定目录路径 | |
# 拒绝用户通过 apache 访问你的文件系统 / 及以下的所有内容 | |
<Directory > | |
# 是否允许.htaccess 实现权限复写 | |
AllowOverride none | |
# 设置所有人的访问权限 denied 拒绝 granted 允许 | |
Require all denied | |
# 设置结束用 </Directory> 指令结束 | |
</Directory> | |
# | |
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow | |
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as | |
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it | |
# below. | |
# | |
# | |
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your | |
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but | |
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations. | |
# | |
# 使用 DocumentRoot 指定 WEB 站点的根目录 | |
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs" | |
# 对默认网站根目录设置访问权限 | |
<Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"> | |
# | |
# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All", | |
# or any combination of: | |
# Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews | |
# | |
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All" | |
# doesn't give it to you. | |
# | |
# The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see | |
# (http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options) | |
# for more information. | |
# | |
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks | |
#Indexes 站点中有 index 页面优先加载 | |
#FollowSymLinks 在 WEB 站点根目录允许使用链接文件 | |
# | |
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files. | |
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords: | |
# AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit | |
# | |
# 不许使用权限复写 | |
AllowOverride None | |
# | |
# Controls who can get stuff from this server. | |
# | |
# 允许所有人访问网站根目录 | |
Require all granted | |
</Directory> | |
# | |
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory | |
# is requested. | |
# 指定站点的默认索引文件 | |
<IfModule dir\_module> | |
DirectoryIndex index.html | |
</IfModule> | |
# | |
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being | |
# viewed by Web clients. | |
# | |
# 是否允许在目录下使用.htaccess 和 .htpassswd 文件设置客户端对网站目录访问权限 | |
#.htaccess 访问控制 | |
#.htpasswd 用户登陆验证 | |
# 拒绝在目录下使用.ht 开头的文件 | |
<Files ".ht\*"> | |
Require all denied | |
</Files> | |
# | |
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. | |
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> | |
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be | |
# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> | |
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. | |
# | |
# 错误日志 | |
ErrorLog "logs/error_log" | |
# | |
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error\_log. | |
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, | |
# alert, emerg. | |
# | |
# 错误日志记录级别:debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,alert, emerg. | |
LogLevel warn | |
# 启用日志模块 | |
<IfModule log\_config\_module> | |
# | |
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with | |
# a CustomLog directive (see below). | |
# | |
# 定义日志格式 LogFormat "日志格式" 日志格式名称 | |
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\"%>s %b \"%{Referer}i\"\"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined | |
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\"%>s %b" common | |
<IfModule logio\_module> | |
# 在访问日志中记录每个请求的输入输出字节 %I input %O output | |
# You need to enable mod\_logio.c to use %I and %O | |
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\"%>s %b \"%{Referer}i\"\"%{User-Agent}i\"%I %O" combinedio | |
</IfModule> | |
# | |
# The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format). | |
# If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost> | |
# container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do* | |
# define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be | |
# logged therein and \*not\* in this file. | |
# | |
# 定义访问日志路径及日志格式 | |
CustomLog "logs/access_log" common | |
# | |
# If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information | |
# (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive. | |
# | |
#CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined | |
</IfModule> | |
# 使用目录映射 | |
<IfModule alias\_module> | |
# | |
# URL 重定向 | |
# Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to | |
# exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client | |
# will make a new request for the document at its new location. | |
# Example: | |
# Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar | |
#URL 重定向 Redirect 方法 选项 | |
# 不同机器重定向将访问 http://IP/abc 的用户 重定向访问 http:/www.baidu.com | |
Redirect permanent /abc http://www.baidu.com | |
# 本机内部 URL 重定向 http://IP/123 http://IP/7878 == 注意 ==:被重定向的目录必须存在 比如 7878 必须有 | |
Redirect permanent /123 /7878 | |
#seeother 表示改资源被替换过 | |
Redirect seeother /123 /7878 | |
#gone 表示改资源被移除了 | |
Redirect gone /123 | |
#permanent 永久重定向 301 | |
#temp 临时重定向 | |
#seeother 返回一个 seeother 状态码 (303) 提示这个资源被替代 | |
#gone 返回一个 gone 状态码 (410) 提示这个资源被永久删除了 | |
# | |
# Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to | |
# access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot. | |
# Example: | |
# Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path | |
# | |
# If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will | |
# require it to be present in the URL. You will also likely | |
# need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to | |
# the filesystem path. | |
#Alias 将 URI 中的没用了映射到文件系统目录(绝对路径) | |
# 比如将网站 URL http://ip/abc 访问的 /abc 目录映射到文件系统 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/7878 | |
Alias /abc /usr/local/apache/htdocs/7878 | |
# 需要注意是文件系统路径 | |
# | |
# ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. | |
# ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that | |
# documents in the target directory are treated as applications and | |
# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the | |
# client. The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias | |
# directives as to Alias. | |
# | |
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/apache/cgi-bin/" | |
# 脚本目录别名 | |
</IfModule> | |
# 使用外部 CGI 守护进程执行 CGI 脚本 | |
<IfModule cgid_module> | |
# | |
# ScriptSock: On threaded servers, designate the path to the UNIX | |
# socket used to communicate with the CGI daemon of mod\_cgid. | |
# | |
#Scriptsock cgisock | |
</IfModule> | |
# | |
# "/usr/local/apache/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased | |
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured. | |
# | |
#CGI 目录的访问权限 | |
<Directory "/usr/local/apache/cgi-bin"> | |
AllowOverride None | |
Options None | |
Require all granted | |
</Directory> | |
# 自定义 http 的请求头和响应头 | |
#RequestHeader 设置请求头 http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_headers.html | |
#Header 设置响应头 http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_headers.html | |
<IfModule headers\_module> | |
# | |
# Avoid passing HTTP\_PROXY environment to CGI's on this or any proxied | |
# backend servers which have lingering "httpoxy" defects. | |
# 'Proxy' request header is undefined by the IETF, not listed by IANA | |
# | |
RequestHeader unset Proxy early | |
</IfModule> | |
# 将请求的文件扩展名与文件的行为(处理程序和筛选器)和内容(mime 类型、语言、字符集和编码)相关联。 | |
# 明确告诉 apache 可以接受什么类型的文件 | |
<IfModule mime_module> | |
# | |
# TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from | |
# filename extension to MIME-type. | |
# | |
TypesConfig conf/mime.types | |
# | |
# AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration | |
# file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types. | |
# | |
#AddType application/x-gzip .tgz | |
# | |
# AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress | |
# information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this. | |
# | |
#AddEncoding x-compress .Z | |
#AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz | |
# | |
# If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you | |
# probably should define those extensions to indicate media types: | |
# | |
AddType application/x-compress .Z | |
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz | |
# | |
# AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers": | |
# actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server | |
# or added with the Action directive (see below) | |
# | |
# To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories: | |
# (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.) | |
# | |
#AddHandler cgi-script .cgi | |
# For type maps \(negotiated resources\): | |
#AddHandler type-map var | |
# | |
# Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client. | |
# | |
# To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI): | |
# (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.) | |
# | |
#AddType text/html .shtml | |
#AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml | |
</IfModule> | |
# | |
# The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the | |
# contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile | |
# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located. | |
# | |
#MIMEMagicFile conf/magic | |
# | |
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors: | |
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects | |
# | |
# Some examples: | |
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo." | |
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html | |
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing\_handler.pl" | |
#ErrorDocument 402 [http://www.example.com/subscription\_info.html](http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html) | |
# | |
# | |
# MaxRanges: Maximum number of Ranges in a request before | |
# returning the entire resource, or one of the special | |
# values 'default', 'none' or 'unlimited'. | |
# Default setting is to accept 200 Ranges. | |
#MaxRanges unlimited | |
# | |
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it, | |
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver | |
# files. This usually improves server performance, but must | |
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted | |
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise | |
# broken on your system. | |
# Defaults: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off | |
# | |
#EnableMMAP off | |
#EnableSendfile on | |
# Supplemental configuration | |
# | |
# The configuration files in the conf/extra/ directory can be | |
# included to add extra features or to modify the default configuration of | |
# the server, or you may simply copy their contents here and change as | |
# necessary. | |
#Include 包含子配置文件 | |
# Server-pool management \(MPM specific\) | |
#Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf | |
# Multi-language error messages | |
#Include conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf | |
# Fancy directory listings | |
#Include conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf | |
# Language settings | |
#Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf | |
# User home directories | |
#Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf | |
# Real-time info on requests and configuration | |
#Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf | |
# Virtual hosts | |
#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf | |
# Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual | |
#Include conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf | |
# Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV) | |
#Include conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf | |
# Various default settings | |
#Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf | |
# Configure mod_proxy_html to understand HTML4/XHTML1 | |
# 启动代理模块 | |
<IfModule proxy\_html_module> | |
Include conf/extra/proxy-html.conf | |
</IfModule>; | |
# Secure (SSL/TLS) connections | |
#Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf | |
# | |
# Note: The following must must be present to support | |
# starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent | |
# but a statically compiled-in mod\_ssl. | |
# | |
# 启用 ssl 模块 | |
<IfModule ssl_module> | |
SSLRandomSeed startup builtin | |
SSLRandomSeed connect builtin | |
</IfModule>; | |
正文完
星哥玩云-微信公众号
