Apache 默认网站

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每一个 web 服务器软件一般默认都会提供一个用于测试的网站，apache 也为用户提供了一个默认网站。默认网站的配置写在默认配置文件中。
[root@zutuanxue conf]# cat httpd.conf
 #
 
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file. It contains the
 
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
 
# See (URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/); for detailed information.
 
# In particular, see
 
# URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/directives.html;
 
# for a discussion of each configuration directive.
 
#
 
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
 
# what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure
 
# consult the online docs. You have been warned.
 
#
 
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
 
# of the server's control files begin with"/"(or"drive:/" for Win32), the
 
# server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin
 
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/access_log"
 
# with ServerRoot set to "/usr/local/apache2" will be interpreted by the
 
# server as "/usr/local/apache2/logs/access_log", whereas "/logs/access_log"
 
# will be interpreted as '/logs/access_log'.
 
#
 
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
 
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
 
#
 
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path. If you point
 
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to specify a local disk on the
 
# Mutex directive, if file-based mutexes are used. If you wish to share the
 
# same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at
 
# least PidFile.
 
#
 
#apache 软件根目录，apache 安装路径。
 
ServerRoot "/usr/local/apache"
 
#
 
# Mutex: Allows you to set the mutex mechanism and mutex file directory
 
# for individual mutexes, or change the global defaults
 
#
 
# Uncomment and change the directory if mutexes are file-based and the default
 
# mutex file directory is not on a local disk or is not appropriate for some
 
# other reason.
 
#
 
# Mutex default:logs
 
#
 
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
 
# ports, instead of the default. See also the &lt;VirtualHost&gt;
 
# directive.
 
#
 
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to
 
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
 
#
 
# 设置 apache 监听端口及监听 IP 地址
 
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
 
Listen 80
 
#
 
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
 
#
 
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
 
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
 
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
 
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
 
# to be loaded here.
 
#
 
# 动态共享对象支持, 使用 LoadModule 指令为 apaceh 添加功能模块  --enable-so
 
# Example:
 
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
 
#
 
# 可载入模块，参考(http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/)
 
LoadModule mpm_event_module modules/mod_mpm_event.so
 
#LoadModule mpm_prefork_module modules/mod_mpm_prefork.so
 
#LoadModule mpm_worker_module modules/mod_mpm_worker.so
 
LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so
 
#LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so
 
#LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so
 
#LoadModule authn_dbd_module modules/mod_authn_dbd.so
 
#LoadModule authn_socache_module modules/mod_authn_socache.so
 
LoadModule authn_core_module modules/mod_authn_core.so
 
LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so
 
LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so
 
LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so
 
#LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so
 
#LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so
 
#LoadModule authz_dbd_module modules/mod_authz_dbd.so
 
LoadModule authz_core_module modules/mod_authz_core.so
 
LoadModule access_compat_module modules/mod_access_compat.so
 
LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so
 
#LoadModule auth_form_module modules/mod_auth_form.so
 
#LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so
 
#LoadModule allowmethods_module modules/mod_allowmethods.so
 
#LoadModule file_cache_module modules/mod_file_cache.so
 
#LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so
 
#LoadModule cache_disk_module modules/mod_cache_disk.so
 
#LoadModule cache_socache_module modules/mod_cache_socache.so
 
#LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so
 
#LoadModule socache_dbm_module modules/mod_socache_dbm.so
 
#LoadModule socache_memcache_module modules/mod_socache_memcache.so
 
#LoadModule socache_redis_module modules/mod_socache_redis.so
 
#LoadModule watchdog_module modules/mod_watchdog.so
 
#LoadModule macro_module modules/mod_macro.so
 
#LoadModule dbd_module modules/mod_dbd.so
 
#LoadModule dumpio_module modules/mod_dumpio.so
 
#LoadModule buffer_module modules/mod_buffer.so
 
#LoadModule ratelimit_module modules/mod_ratelimit.so
 
LoadModule reqtimeout_module modules/mod_reqtimeout.so
 
#LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so
 
#LoadModule request_module modules/mod_request.so
 
#LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so
 
LoadModule filter_module modules/mod_filter.so
 
#LoadModule substitute_module modules/mod_substitute.so
 
#LoadModule sed_module modules/mod_sed.so
 
#LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so
 
LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so
 
LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so
 
#LoadModule log_debug_module modules/mod_log_debug.so
 
#LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so
 
LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so
 
#LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so
 
LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so
 
#LoadModule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.so
 
LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so
 
LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so
 
#LoadModule remoteip_module modules/mod_remoteip.so
 
#LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
 
#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
 
#LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
 
#LoadModule proxy\_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
 
#LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so
 
#LoadModule proxy_scgi_module modules/mod_proxy_scgi.so
 
#LoadModule proxy_uwsgi_module modules/mod_proxy_uwsgi.so
 
#LoadModule proxy_fdpass_module modules/mod_proxy_fdpass.so
 
#LoadModule proxy_wstunnel_module modules/mod_proxy_wstunnel.so
 
#LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
 
#LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
 
#LoadModule proxy_express_module modules/mod_proxy_express.so
 
#LoadModule proxy_hcheck_module modules/mod_proxy_hcheck.so
 
#LoadModule session_module modules/mod_session.so
 
#LoadModule session_cookie_module modules/mod_session_cookie.so
 
#LoadModule session_dbd_module modules/mod_session_dbd.so
 
#LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so
 
#LoadModule lbmethod_byrequests_module modules/mod_lbmethod_byrequests.so
 
#LoadModule lbmethod_bytraffic_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bytraffic.so
 
#LoadModule lbmethod_bybusyness_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bybusyness.so
 
#LoadModule lbmethod_heartbeat_module modules/mod_lbmethod_heartbeat.so
 
LoadModule unixd_module modules/mod_unixd.so
 
#LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
 
LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so
 
LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so
 
#LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so
 
#LoadModule cgid_module modules/mod_cgid.so
 
#LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so
 
#LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so
 
#LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so
 
LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so
 
#LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so
 
#LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so
 
LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so
 
#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
 
# 启用模块 unixd_module 设置 apache 守护进程 httpd 的管理用户和组
 
# 启用模块注意格式 <IfModule 模块名称_module>
 
# 结束 </IfModule>
 
# 启用的前提是已经使用 LoadModule 指令载入了该模块
 
<IfModule unixd\_module>
 
#
 
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
 
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.
 
#
 
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
 
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
 
# running httpd, as with most system services.
 
#
 
# 指定守护进程 httpd 的管理用户
 
User daemon
 
# 指定守护进程 httpd 的管理组
 
Group daemon
 
</IfModule>
 
# 'Main' server configuration
 
#
 
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
 
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
 
# &lt;VirtualHost&gt; definition. These values also provide defaults for
 
# any &lt;VirtualHost&gt; containers you may define later in the file.
 
#
 
# All of these directives may appear inside &lt;VirtualHost&gt; containers,
 
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
 
# virtual host being defined.
 
#
 
#
 
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
 
# e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
 
# as error documents. e.g. admin@your-domain.com
 
#
 
# 指定管理员 email 地址
 
ServerAdmin you@example.com
 
#
 
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
 
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
 
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
 
#
 
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
 
#
 
# 指定服务器在 DNS 上注册的名称  FQDN
 
#ServerName www.example.com:80
 
ServerName 127.0.0.1
 
#
 
# Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must
 
# explicitly permit access to web content directories in other
 
# &lt;Directory&gt; blocks below.
 
#
 
#apache 目录访问权限
 
# 使用 <Directory /path> 指定目录路径
 
# 拒绝用户通过 apache 访问你的文件系统 / 及以下的所有内容
 
<Directory >
 
# 是否允许.htaccess 实现权限复写
 
AllowOverride none
 
# 设置所有人的访问权限  denied 拒绝  granted 允许
 
Require all denied
 
# 设置结束用 </Directory> 指令结束
 
</Directory>
 
#
 
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
 
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
 
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
 
# below.
 
#
 
#
 
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
 
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
 
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
 
#
 
# 使用 DocumentRoot 指定 WEB 站点的根目录
 
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"
 
# 对默认网站根目录设置访问权限
 
<Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs">
 
#
 
# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
 
# or any combination of:
 
#  Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
 
#
 
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
 
# doesn't give it to you.
 
#
 
# The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see
 
# (http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options)
 
# for more information.
 
#
 
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
 
#Indexes 站点中有 index 页面优先加载
 
#FollowSymLinks  在 WEB 站点根目录允许使用链接文件
 
#
 
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
 
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
 
#  AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
 
#
 
# 不许使用权限复写
 
AllowOverride None
 
#
 
# Controls who can get stuff from this server.
 
#
 
# 允许所有人访问网站根目录
 
Require all granted
 
</Directory>
 
#
 
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
 
# is requested.
 
# 指定站点的默认索引文件
 
<IfModule dir\_module>
 
DirectoryIndex index.html
 
</IfModule>
 
#
 
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
 
# viewed by Web clients.
 
#
 
# 是否允许在目录下使用.htaccess 和 .htpassswd 文件设置客户端对网站目录访问权限
 
#.htaccess 访问控制
 
#.htpasswd 用户登陆验证
 
# 拒绝在目录下使用.ht 开头的文件
 
<Files ".ht\*">
 
Require all denied
 
</Files>
 
#
 
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
 
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
 
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
 
# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
 
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
 
#
 
# 错误日志
 
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"
 
#
 
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error\_log.
 
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
 
# alert, emerg.
 
#
 
# 错误日志记录级别:debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,alert, emerg.
 
LogLevel warn
 
# 启用日志模块
 
<IfModule log\_config\_module>
 
#
 
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
 
# a CustomLog directive (see below).
 
#
 
# 定义日志格式  LogFormat  "日志格式"  日志格式名称
 
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\"%&gt;s %b \"%{Referer}i\"\"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
 
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\"%&gt;s %b" common
 
<IfModule logio\_module>
 
# 在访问日志中记录每个请求的输入输出字节 %I input  %O output
 
# You need to enable mod\_logio.c to use %I and %O
 
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\"%&gt;s %b \"%{Referer}i\"\"%{User-Agent}i\"%I %O" combinedio
 
</IfModule>
 
#
 
# The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
 
# If you do not define any access logfiles within a &lt;VirtualHost&gt;
 
# container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do*
 
# define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
 
# logged therein and \*not\* in this file.
 
#
 
# 定义访问日志路径及日志格式
 
CustomLog "logs/access_log" common
 
#
 
# If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
 
# (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
 
#
 
#CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
 
</IfModule>
 
# 使用目录映射
 
<IfModule alias\_module>
 
#
 
# URL 重定向
 
# Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to
 
# exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client
 
# will make a new request for the document at its new location.
 
# Example:
 
# Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar
 
#URL 重定向  Redirect 方法  选项
 
# 不同机器重定向将访问 http://IP/abc 的用户 重定向访问 http:/www.baidu.com
 
Redirect permanent /abc http://www.baidu.com
 
# 本机内部 URL 重定向 http://IP/123 http://IP/7878 == 注意 ==：被重定向的目录必须存在 比如 7878 必须有
 
Redirect permanent /123 /7878
 
#seeother 表示改资源被替换过
 
Redirect seeother /123 /7878
 
#gone 表示改资源被移除了
 
Redirect gone /123
 
#permanent 永久重定向 301
 
#temp  临时重定向
 
#seeother 返回一个 seeother 状态码 (303) 提示这个资源被替代
 
#gone 返回一个 gone 状态码 (410) 提示这个资源被永久删除了
 
#
 
# Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
 
# access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
 
# Example:
 
# Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
 
#
 
# If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
 
# require it to be present in the URL. You will also likely
 
# need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
 
# the filesystem path.
 
#Alias 将 URI 中的没用了映射到文件系统目录(绝对路径)
 
# 比如将网站 URL http://ip/abc 访问的 /abc 目录映射到文件系统 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/7878
 
Alias /abc /usr/local/apache/htdocs/7878
 
# 需要注意是文件系统路径
 
#
 
# ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
 
# ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
 
# documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
 
# run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
 
# client. The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
 
# directives as to Alias.
 
#
 
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/apache/cgi-bin/"
 
# 脚本目录别名
 
</IfModule>
 
# 使用外部 CGI 守护进程执行 CGI 脚本
 
<IfModule cgid_module>
 
#
 
# ScriptSock: On threaded servers, designate the path to the UNIX
 
# socket used to communicate with the CGI daemon of mod\_cgid.
 
#
 
#Scriptsock cgisock
 
</IfModule>
 
#
 
# "/usr/local/apache/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
 
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
 
#
 
#CGI 目录的访问权限
 
<Directory "/usr/local/apache/cgi-bin">
 
AllowOverride None
 
Options None
 
Require all granted
 
</Directory>
 
# 自定义 http 的请求头和响应头
 
#RequestHeader 设置请求头 http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_headers.html
 
#Header 设置响应头 http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_headers.html
 
<IfModule headers\_module>
 
#
 
# Avoid passing HTTP\_PROXY environment to CGI's on this or any proxied
 
# backend servers which have lingering "httpoxy" defects.
 
# 'Proxy' request header is undefined by the IETF, not listed by IANA
 
#
 
RequestHeader unset Proxy early
 
</IfModule>
 
# 将请求的文件扩展名与文件的行为（处理程序和筛选器）和内容（mime 类型、语言、字符集和编码）相关联。
 
# 明确告诉 apache 可以接受什么类型的文件
 
<IfModule mime_module>
 
#
 
# TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
 
# filename extension to MIME-type.
 
#
 
TypesConfig conf/mime.types
 
#
 
# AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
 
# file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
 
#
 
#AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
 
#
 
# AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
 
# information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
 
#
 
#AddEncoding x-compress .Z
 
#AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
 
#
 
# If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
 
# probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
 
#
 
AddType application/x-compress .Z
 
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
 
#
 
# AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
 
# actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
 
# or added with the Action directive (see below)
 
#
 
# To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
 
# (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
 
#
 
#AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
 
# For type maps \(negotiated resources\):
 
#AddHandler type-map var
 
#
 
# Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
 
#
 
# To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
 
# (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
 
#
 
#AddType text/html .shtml
 
#AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
 
</IfModule>
 
#
 
# The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
 
# contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile
 
# directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
 
#
 
#MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
 
#
 
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
 
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
 
#
 
# Some examples:
 
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
 
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
 
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing\_handler.pl"
 
#ErrorDocument 402 [http://www.example.com/subscription\_info.html](http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html)
 
#
 
#
 
# MaxRanges: Maximum number of Ranges in a request before
 
# returning the entire resource, or one of the special
 
# values 'default', 'none' or 'unlimited'.
 
# Default setting is to accept 200 Ranges.
 
#MaxRanges unlimited
 
#
 
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it,
 
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver
 
# files. This usually improves server performance, but must
 
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted
 
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
 
# broken on your system.
 
# Defaults: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off
 
#
 
#EnableMMAP off
 
#EnableSendfile on
 
# Supplemental configuration
 
#
 
# The configuration files in the conf/extra/ directory can be
 
# included to add extra features or to modify the default configuration of
 
# the server, or you may simply copy their contents here and change as
 
# necessary.
 
#Include 包含子配置文件
 
# Server-pool management \(MPM specific\)
 
#Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
 
# Multi-language error messages
 
#Include conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
 
# Fancy directory listings
 
#Include conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
 
# Language settings
 
#Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
 
# User home directories
 
#Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
 
# Real-time info on requests and configuration
 
#Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
 
# Virtual hosts
 
#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
 
# Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual
 
#Include conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
 
# Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV)
 
#Include conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
 
# Various default settings
 
#Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
 
# Configure mod_proxy_html to understand HTML4/XHTML1
 
# 启动代理模块
 
<IfModule proxy\_html_module>
 
Include conf/extra/proxy-html.conf
 
</IfModule>;
 
# Secure (SSL/TLS) connections
 
#Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
 
#
 
# Note: The following must must be present to support
 
#  starting without SSL on platforms with no /dev/random equivalent
 
#  but a statically compiled-in mod\_ssl.
 
#
 
# 启用 ssl 模块
 
<IfModule ssl_module>
 
SSLRandomSeed startup builtin
 
SSLRandomSeed connect builtin
 
</IfModule>;