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导读 | mongoDB 3.0 访问控制改了很多,需要你老老实实的去看文档去验证,谷歌百度出来的多半就是错误的。还需要注意这个参数 authenticationMechanisms。 |
为了兼用 2.6 版本,我直接指定下面的参数:
setParameter:
authenticationMechanisms: MONGODB-CR
下面看看如何创建访问控制权限
不使用 —auth 参数,启动 mongoDB
mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/bin/mongod -f mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/mongodb.conf
此时你 show dbs 会看到只有一个 local 数据库,那个所谓的 admin 是不存在的。
mongoDB 没有超级无敌用户 root,只有能管理用户的用户 userAdminAnyDatabase。
use admin
db.createUser(
{
user: "buru",
pwd: "12345678",
roles: [{ role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin"} ]
}
)
roles 中的 db 参数是必须的,不然会报错:Error: couldn’t add user: Missing expected field“db”。另外,有很多文章记录的是使用 db.addUser(…) 方法,这个方法是旧版的,3.0 中已经不存在,详见:http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/js-user-management。
切换到 admin 下,查看刚才创建的用户:
show users
或
db.system.users.find()
{"_id" : "admin.buru", "user" : "buru", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "gwVwuA/dXvxgSHavEnlyvA==", "storedKey" : "l2QEVTEujpkCuqDEKqfIWbSv4ms=", "serverKey" : "M1ofNKXg2sNCsFrBJbX4pXbSgvg="} }, "roles" : [{ "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin"} ] }
怎么关闭 mongoDB?千万不要 kill -9 pid,可以 kill -2 pid 或 db.shutdownServer()
下面使用 —auth 参 数,重新启动 mongoDB:
mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/bin/mongod --auth -f mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/mongodb.conf
mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/bin/mongo
use admin
db.auth("buru","12345678") #认证,返回 1 表示成功
或
mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/bin/mongo -u buru -p 12345678 --authenticationDatabase admin
此时 show collections 报错
2015-03-17T10:15:56.011+0800 E QUERY Error: listCollections failed: {
"ok" : 0,
"errmsg" : "not authorized on admin to execute command {listCollections: 1.0}",
"code" : 13
}
at Error (<anonymous>)
at DB._getCollectionInfosCommand (src/mongo/shell/db.js:643:15)
at DB.getCollectionInfos (src/mongo/shell/db.js:655:20)
at DB.getCollectionNames (src/mongo/shell/db.js:666:17)
at shellHelper.show (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:625:12)
at shellHelper (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:524:36)
at (shellhelp2):1:1 at src/mongo/shell/db.js:643
因为,用户 buru 只有用户管理的权限。
下面创建用户,用户都跟着库走,创建的用户都是
use tianhe
db.createUser(
{
user: "bao",
pwd: "12345678",
roles: [{ role: "readWrite", db: "tianhe"},
{role: "read", db: "tianhe2"}
]
}
)
查看刚刚创建的用户。
show users
{
"_id" : "tianhe.bao",
"user" : "bao",
"db" : "tianhe",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "readWrite",
"db" : "tianhe"
},
{
"role" : "read",
"db" : "tianhe2"
}
]
}
查看整个 mongoDB 全部的用户:
use admin
db.system.users.find()
{"_id" : "admin.buru", "user" : "buru", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "gwVwuA/dXvxgSHavEnlyvA==", "storedKey" : "l2QEVTEujpkCuqDEKqfIWbSv4ms=", "serverKey" : "M1ofNKXg2sNCsFrBJbX4pXbSgvg="} }, "roles" : [{ "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin"} ] }
{"_id" : "tianhe.bao", "user" : "bao", "db" : "tianhe", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "//xy1V1fbqEHC1gzQqZHGQ==", "storedKey" : "ZS/o54zzl/FdcXLQJ98KdAVTfF0=", "serverKey" : "iIpNYz2Gk8KhyK3zgz6muBt0PI4="} }, "roles" : [{ "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "tianhe"}, {"role" : "read", "db" : "tianhe2"} ] }
创建完毕,验证一下:
use buru
show collections
2015-03-17T10:30:06.461+0800 E QUERY Error: listCollections failed: {
"ok" : 0,
"errmsg" : "not authorized on buru to execute command {listCollections: 1.0}",
"code" : 13
}
at Error (<anonymous>)
at DB._getCollectionInfosCommand (src/mongo/shell/db.js:643:15)
at DB.getCollectionInfos (src/mongo/shell/db.js:655:20)
at DB.getCollectionNames (src/mongo/shell/db.js:666:17)
at shellHelper.show (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:625:12)
at shellHelper (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:524:36)
at (shellhelp2):1:1 at src/mongo/shell/db.js:643
显然没权限,先 auth:
db.auth("bao","12345678")
show collections
news
system.indexes
wahaha
Mongo Shell:http://docs.mongodb.org/v2.2/tutorial/getting-started-with-the-mongo-shell
Enable Access Control:http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/enable-authentication
Add a User to a Database:http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/add-user-to-database
User Methods:http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/js-user-management
Role Methods:http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/js-role-managementmongodb 3.0 authentication:http://ibruce.info/2015/03/03/mongodb3-auth/