CentOS6.5使用Nginx+Passenger部署Ruby on Rails环境

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本文介绍如何使用 Nginx+Passenger 来部署 Ruby on Rails 环境，本文使用的操作系统版本是 CentOS6.5。
1. 安装 ruby

wget http://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/ruby-2.0.0-p594.tar.gz
mkdir -p /data/app_platform/ruby
tar -zxvf ruby-2.0.0-p594.tar.gz
cd ruby-2.0.0-p594
./configure –prefix=/data/app_platform/ruby
make
make install
ln -sf /data/app_platform/ruby/bin/* /usr/bin/
gem install rails
2. 安装 Nginx 和 Passenger
Passenger 有两种方式安装，一种是 standalone 方式即 Passenger 独立运行，然后通过 Nginx 将 ruby 相关请求转发到 Passenger，另一种是与 Nginx 整合在一起安装，维护方便。这里选用第一种方式。
Passenger 4.0 以上和 Nginx 1.4 以上可以整合到一起

wget http://s3.amazonaws.com/phusion-passenger/releases/passenger-4.0.57.tar.gz
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz
useradd -r www -s /sbin/nologin
mkdir -p /data/app_platform/{nginx,passenger}
tar -zxvf passenger-4.0.57.tar.gz
mv -f passenger-4.0.57/* /data/app_platform/passenger
tar -zxvf nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.4.4
./configure –user=www –group=www –prefix=/data/app_platform/nginx –with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module –with-pcre –with-http_perl_module –with-http_realip_module –with-http_addition_module –add-module=/data/app_platform/passenger/ext/nginx
make
make install
mkdir -p /data/app_platform/nginx/conf/conf.d/

3. 配置 Nginx

添加 Nginx 启动文件 /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx – this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: – 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[“$NETWORKING” = “no”] && exit 0

nginx=”/data/app_platform/nginx/sbin/nginx”
prog=$(basename $nginx)

sysconfig=”/etc/sysconfig/$prog”
lockfile=”/var/lock/subsys/nginx”
pidfile=”/data/app_data/nginx/logs/nginx.pid”

NGINX_CONF_FILE=”/data/app_platform/nginx/conf/nginx.conf”

[-f $sysconfig] && . $sysconfig

start() {
[-x $nginx] || exit 5
[-f $NGINX_CONF_FILE] || exit 6
echo -n $”Starting $prog: ”
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[$retval -eq 0] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}

stop() {
echo -n $”Stopping $prog: ”
killproc -p $pidfile $prog
retval=$?
echo
[$retval -eq 0] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}

restart() {
configtest_q || return 6
stop
start
}

reload() {
configtest_q || return 6
echo -n $”Reloading $prog: ”
killproc -p $pidfile $prog -HUP
echo
}

configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

configtest_q() {
$nginx -t -q -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

# Upgrade the binary with no downtime.
upgrade() {
local oldbin_pidfile=”${pidfile}.oldbin”

configtest_q || return 6
echo -n $”Upgrading $prog: ”
killproc -p $pidfile $prog -USR2
retval=$?
sleep 1
if [[-f ${oldbin_pidfile} && -f ${pidfile} ]]; then
killproc -p $oldbin_pidfile $prog -QUIT
success $”$prog online upgrade”
echo
return 0
else
failure $”$prog online upgrade”
echo
return 1
fi
}

# Tell nginx to reopen logs
reopen_logs() {
configtest_q || return 6
echo -n $”Reopening $prog logs: ”
killproc -p $pidfile $prog -USR1
retval=$?
echo
return $retval
}

case “$1” in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest|reopen_logs)
$1
;;
force-reload|upgrade)
rh_status_q || exit 7
upgrade
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
status|status_q)
rh_$1
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 7
restart
;;
*)
echo $”Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|configtest|status|force-reload|upgrade|restart|reopen_logs}”
exit 2
esac

Nginx 主配置文件 /data/app_platform/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user www;
worker_processes 4;

error_log /data/app_data/nginx/logs/error.log error;

pid /data/app_data/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 10240;
}

http {
passenger_root /data/app_platform/passenger;
passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby;
passenger_max_pool_size 10;
passenger_debug_log_file /data/app_data/nginx/logs/passenger.log;
passenger_show_version_in_header on;
passenger_spawn_method smart;

include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

log_format main ‘$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” ‘
‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘
‘”$http_user_agent” “$http_x_forwarded_for”‘;

access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
server_tokens off;

keepalive_timeout 60;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 1 128k;# 4 32k
client_max_body_size 8m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 60;
fastcgi_send_timeout 60;
fastcgi_read_timeout 60;
fastcgi_buffer_size 256k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 512k;#8 128
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 512k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 512k;
#fastcgi_intercept_errors on;

gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 1 64k; #4 16
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;

include /data/app_platform/nginx/conf/conf.d/*.conf;

server {

listen 80 default;
server_name _;
return 403;

}
}

Nginx 主配置文件关键部分就是这里，表明 passenger 是整合到 Nginx 中的。
passenger_root /data/app_platform/passenger;
passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby;
passenger_max_pool_size 10;
passenger_debug_log_file /data/app_data/nginx/logs/passenger.log;
passenger_show_version_in_header on;
passenger_spawn_method smart;

添加虚拟主机

server {

server_name xxx.com.cn;
access_log /data/app_data/nginx/logs/xxx.log main;

root /data/zmkm_app/zmkm/public/;
passenger_enabled on;

index index.html index.htm;

location /assets/LiveVideo.swf {

root /data/zmkm_app/zmkm/public/;
index index.html index.htm;
passenger_enabled on;

}

}