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Postfix-2.11+Dovecot-2.0.9+MySQL+Nginx+Cyrus-sasl+Extmail-1.2 实现基于虚拟用户的邮件系统架构。
系统：
CentOS 7.1
IP:192.168.2.220
域名：mail.test.com
—————————————————————————————-
——安装前的准备工作
1）关闭 Selinux
12 [root@node1 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
2）安装程序依赖包
[root@node1 ~]# yum install db4-devel ntpdate cyrus-sasl-md5 perl-GD perl-DBD-MySQL perl-GD perl-CPAN perl-CGI perl-CGI-Session cyrus-sasl-lib cyrus-sasl-plain cyrus-sasl cyrus-sasl-devel libtool-ltdl-devel telnet mail -y
3) 由于 CentOS7 默认安装的是 MariaDB，所以要添加 MySQL 的 yum 源，有些编译需要的 devel 包只有 epel 有，所以我们把 epel 源也一并添加
yum install -y wget
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
wget http://dl.Fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
4）安装 Unix-Syslog 补丁
[root@node1 soft]# wget http://www.cpan.org/authors/id/M/MH/MHARNISCH/Unix-Syslog-1.1.tar.gz
[root@node1 soft]# tar fzvx Unix-Syslog-1.1.tar.gz
[root@node1 soft]# cd Unix-Syslog-1.1
[root@node1 Unix-Syslog-1.1]# perl Makefile.PL
[root@node1 Unix-Syslog-1.1]# make && make install
注意：不安装此补丁的话使用 extmail 会报如下错误：
Unix::Syslog not found, please install it first! (in cleanup) Undefined subroutine &Ext::Logger::do_closelog called at /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs/Ext/Logger.pm line 86.
—————————————————————————————-
——安装 postfix
1）卸载系统自带的 postfix 软件和用户组
[root@node1 ~]# yum remove postfix -y
[root@node1 ~]# userdel postfix
[root@node1 ~]# groupdel postdrop
2）添加 postfix 用户和组
[root@node1 ~]# groupadd -g 2525 postfix
[root@node1 ~]# useradd -g postfix -u 2525 -s /sbin/nologin -M postfix
[root@node1 ~]# groupadd -g 2526 postdrop
[root@node1 ~]# useradd -g postdrop -u 2526 -s /sbin/nologin -M postdrop
3）下载 postfix
[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /tmp/soft
[root@node1 ~]# cd /tmp/soft
[root@node1 soft]# wget
[root@node1 soft]# tar xfv postfix-2.11.0.tar.gz
[root@node1 soft]# cd postfix-2.11.0
[root@node1 postfix-2.11.0]# make makefiles \
‘CCARGS=-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/include/mysql -DUSE_SASL_AUTH \
-DUSE_CYRUS_SASL -I/usr/include/sasl -DUSE_TLS ‘ \
‘AUXLIBS=-L/usr/lib64/mysql -lmysqlclient -lz -lrt -lm -L/usr/lib64/sasl2 -lsasl2 -lssl -lcrypto’
[root@node1 postfix-2.11.0]# make && make install
4）配置相应权限
[root@node1 postfix-2.11.0]# chown -R postfix:postdrop /var/spool/postfix
[root@node1 postfix-2.11.0]# chown -R postfix:postdrop /var/lib/postfix/
[root@node1 postfix-2.11.0]# chown root /var/spool/postfix
[root@node1 postfix-2.11.0]# chown -R root /var/spool/postfix/pid
5）配置 postfix
[root@node1 postfix-2.12-20140406]# vi /etc/postfix/main.cf
# 设置主机名
myhostname = mail.test.com
# 指定域名
mydomain = test.com
# 指明发件人所在的域名
myorigin = $mydomain
# 指定 postfix 系统监听的网络接口
inet_interfaces = all
# 指定 postfix 接收邮件时收件人的域名 [使用虚拟域需要禁用]
mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost,$mydomain
# 指定信任网段类型
mynetworks_style = host
# 指定信任的客户端
mynetworks = 192.168.0.0/16, 127.0.0.0/8
# 指定允许中转邮件的域名
relay_domains = $mydestination
# 设置邮件的别名
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
6）设置开启启动
[root@node1 postfix-2.12-20140406]# chkconfig –add postfix
[root@node1 postfix-2.12-20140406]# chkconfig postfix on
[root@node1 postfix-2.12-20140406]# service postfix restart
[root@node1 postfix-2.12-20140406]# netstat -antup |grep 25
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1917/master
—- 安装 Dovecot
1）安装 Dovecot
1 [root@node1 ~]# yum install -y dovecot dovecot-devel dovecot-mysql
2）配置 Dovecot
1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829 [root@node1 soft]# cd /etc/dovecot/
[root@node1 dovecot]# vi dovecot.conf
protocols = imap pop3
!include conf.d/*.conf
listen = *
base_dir = /var/run/dovecot/
[root@node1 dovecot]# cd conf.d/
[root@node1 conf.d]# vi 10-auth.conf
disable_plaintext_auth = no
[root@node1 conf.d]# vi 10-mail.conf
mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir
mail_location = maildir:/var/mailbox/%d/%n/Maildir
mail_privileged_group = mail
[root@node1 conf.d]# vi 10-ssl.conf
ssl = no
[root@node1 conf.d]# vi 10-logging.conf
log_path = /var/log/dovecot.log
info_log_path = /var/log/dovecot.info
log_timestamp = “%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S “
[root@node1 conf.d]# cp auth-sql.conf.ext auth-sql.conf
[root@node1 conf.d]# vi auth-sql.conf
passdb {
driver = sql
args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf
}
userdb {
driver = sql
args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf
}
3）编辑 dovecot 通过 mysql 认证的文件
[root@node1 conf.d]# vi /etc/dovecot-mysql.conf
driver = mysql
connect = host=localhost dbname=extmail user=extmail password=extmail
default_pass_scheme = CRYPT
password_query = SELECT username AS user,password AS password FROM mailbox WHERE username = ‘%u’
user_query = SELECT maildir, uidnumber AS uid, gidnumber AS gid FROM mailbox WHERE username = ‘%u’
——安装 courier-authlib
1）下载安装 courier-authlib
[root@node1 soft]# wget http:
//jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/courier/authlib/0.66.1/courier-authlib-0.66.1.tar.bz2
[root@node1 soft]# tar fvx courier-authlib-0.66.1.tar.bz2
[root@node1 soft]# cd courier-authlib-0.66.1
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# ./configure \
–prefix=/usr/local/courier-authlib \
–sysconfdir=/etc \
–without-authpam \
–without-authshadow \
–without-authvchkpw \
–without-authpgsql \
–with-authmysql \
–with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib64/mysql \
–with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql \
–with-RedHat \
–with-authmysqlrc=/etc/authmysqlrc \
–with-authdaemonrc=/etc/authdaemonrc \
–with-mailuser=postfix
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# make && make install
2）配置 courier-authlib
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# chmod 755 /usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# cp /etc/authdaemonrc.dist /etc/authdaemonrc
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# cp /etc/authmysqlrc.dist /etc/authmysqlrc
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# vi /etc/authdaemonrc
authmodulelist=”authmysql”
authmodulelistorig=”authmysql”
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# vi /etc/authmysqlrc
MYSQL_SERVER localhost
MYSQL_USERNAME extmail
MYSQL_PASSWORD extmail
MYSQL_SOCKET /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
MYSQL_PORT 3306
MYSQL_DATABASE extmail
MYSQL_USER_TABLE mailbox
MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELD password
DEFAULT_DOMAIN test.com
MYSQL_UID_FIELD ‘2525’
MYSQL_GID_FIELD ‘2525’
MYSQL_LOGIN_FIELD username
MYSQL_HOME_FIELD concat(‘/var/mailbox/’,homedir)
MYSQL_NAME_FIELD name
MYSQL_MAILDIR_FIELD concat(‘/var/mailbox/’,maildir)
3）设置 courier-authlib 开机启动
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# cp courier-authlib.sysvinit /etc/init.d/courier-authlib
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/courier-authlib
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# chkconfig –add courier-authlib
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# chkconfig courier-authlib on
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# echo “/usr/local/courier-authlib/lib/courier-authlib” >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/courier-authlib.conf
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# ldconfig
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# service courier-authlib start
Starting Courier authentication services: authdaemond
4）设置 smtpd 认证
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# vi /usr/lib64/sasl2/smtpd.conf
pwcheck_method: authdaemond
log_level: 3
mech_list: PLAIN LOGIN
authdaemond_path:/usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon/socket
5）配置 postfix 支持 SMTP
1234567 [root@node1 dovecot]# vi /etc/postfix/main.cf
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_local_domain = ”
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_destination
broken_sasl_auth_clients=yes
smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
6）配置 postfix 支持虚拟用户
[root@node1 courier-authlib-0.66.1]# vi /etc/postfix/main.cf
virtual_mailbox_base = /var/mailbox
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
virtual_alias_domains =
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
virtual_uid_maps = static:2525
virtual_gid_maps = static:2525
virtual_transport = virtual
——安装 Extmail
1）创建相关目录并解压 extmail
[root@node1 soft]# mkdir -p /var/www/extsuite
[root@node1 soft]# tar fzvx extmail-1.2.tar.gz -C /var/www/extsuite/
[root@node1 soft]# cp /var/www/extsuite/extmail-1.2 /var/www/extsuite/extmail
[root@node1 soft]# cd /var/www/extsuite/extmail
2）修改 Extmail 的主配置文件
[root@node1 extmail]# cp webmail.cf.default webmail.cf
[root@node1 extmail]# vi webmail.cf
SYS_SESS_DIR = /tmp/extmail
SYS_UPLOAD_TMPDIR = /tmp/extmail/upload
SYS_USER_LANG = zh_CN
SYS_MIN_PASS_LEN = 8
SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /var/mailbox
SYS_MYSQL_USER = extmail
SYS_MYSQL_PASS = extmail
SYS_MYSQL_DB = extmail
SYS_MYSQL_HOST = localhost
SYS_MYSQL_SOCKET = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
SYS_MYSQL_TABLE = mailbox
SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_USERNAME = username
SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_DOMAIN = domain
SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_PASSWD = password
SYS_AUTHLIB_SOCKET = /usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon/socket
3）建立 extmail 的临时文件目录及 session 目录
[root@node1 extman]# mkdir -p /tmp/extmail/upload
[root@node1 extman]# chown postfix.postfix -R /tmp/extmail/
——安装 Extman
1）解压 extmail
[root@node1 soft]# tar fzvx extman-1.1.tar.gz -C /var/www/extsuite/
[root@node1 soft]# cd /var/www/extsuite/extmail
[root@node1 extsuite]# mv extman-1.1 extman
[root@node1 extsuite]# cd extman
2）修改 Extman 的主配置文件
[root@node1 extman]# cp webman.cf.default webman.cf
[root@node1 extman]# vi webman.cf
SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /var/mailbox
SYS_DEFAULT_UID = 2525
SYS_DEFAULT_GID = 2525
SYS_MYSQL_USER = extmail
SYS_MYSQL_PASS = extmail
SYS_MYSQL_DB = extmail
SYS_MYSQL_HOST = localhost
SYS_MYSQL_SOCKET = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
3）修改 cgi 目录的属主
[root@node1 extman]# chown -R postfix.postfix /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi/
[root@node1 extman]# chown -R postfix.postfix /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi/
4）导入 Extman 的数据库
[root@node1 extman]# cd docs/
[root@node1 docs]# vi extmail.sql
将文件里面所有的 TYPE=MyISAM 改为 ENGINE=MyISAM、命令如下：
:% s/TYPE/ENGINE/g 共有 5 处
[root@node1 docs]# sed -i ‘s/extmail.org/test.com/g’ init.sql
[root@node1 docs]# sed -i ‘s/1000/2525/g’ init.sql
[root@node1 docs]# mysql -u root < extmail.sql
[root@node1 docs]# mysql -u root < init.sql
5）授予用户 extmail 访问 extmail 数据库的权限
[root@node1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 79
Server version: 5.6.29 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> GRANT all privileges on extmail.* TO extmail@localhost IDENTIFIED BY ‘extmail’;
mysql> GRANT all privileges on extmail.* TO extmail@127.0.0.1 IDENTIFIED BY ‘extmail’;
mysql> quit
Bye
6）为 Extman 创建临时目录并给予权限
[root@node1 docs]# mkdir /tmp/extman
[root@node1 docs]# chown postfix.postfix -R /tmp/extman/
——重启 postfix、dovecot、saslauthd、nginx
[root@node1 docs]# service postfix restart
[root@node1 docs]# service dovecot restart
[root@node1 docs]# service saslauthd restart
——测试虚拟用户实现结果
1）测试 Postfix 支持虚拟用户
[root@node1 docs]# /usr/local/courier-authlib/sbin/authtest -s login postmaster@test.com extmail
Authentication succeeded. // 表示成功
Authenticated: postmaster@test.com (uid 2525, gid 2525)
Home Directory: /mailbox/test.com/postmaster
Maildir: /mailbox/test.com/postmaster/Maildir/
Quota: (none)
Encrypted Password: $1$phz1mRrj$3ok6BjeaoJYWDBsEPZb5C0
Cleartext Password: extmail
Options: (none)
2）测试虚拟用户 SMPT 发信认证
[root@node1 docs]# printf “postmaster@test.com” | openssl base64
cG9zdG1hc3RlckBleHRtYWlsLm9yZw==
[root@node1 docs]# printf “extmail” | openssl base64
ZXh0bWFpbA==
[root@node1 docs]#
[root@node1 docs]# telnet localhost 25
Trying 127.0.0.1…
Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1).
Escape character is ‘^]’.
220 mail.benet.com ESMTP Postfix
auth login
334 VXNlcm5hbWU6
cG9zdG1hc3RlckBleHRtYWlsLm9yZw==
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
ZXh0bWFpbA==
235 2.0.0 Authentication successful // 表示成功
quit
221 2.0.0 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
——启动 extmail 和 extman 的相关程序
1）修改 dispatch-initSU_UID 和 SU_GID
[root@node1 docs]# vi /var/www/extsuite/extmail/dispatch-init
SU_UID=postfix
SU_GID=postfix
2）启动 dispatch-init 并添加到 /etc/rc.local [不启动 dispatch-init]
[root@node1 docs]# /var/www/extsuite/extmail/dispatch-init start
[root@node1 docs]# echo “/var/www/extsuite/extmail/dispatch-init start” >> /etc/rc.local
注意：不启动 dispatch-init 连接 extmail 时候会报 502 错误。
3）启动 cmdserver 并添加到 /etc/rc.local
[root@node1 docs]# /data/www/extman/daemon/cmdserver -v -d
[root@node1 docs]# echo “/var/www/extsuite/extman/daemon/cmdserver -v -d ” >> /etc/rc.local
注意：不启动 cmdserver 的话，extmail 登录管理后台，系统信息里会报 Connection refused 错误
如果出现如下错误：Undefined subroutine &Ext::Utils::sort2name called at /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs/Ext/App/Folders.pm line 387.
解决办法：
[root@node1 Ext]# cd /var/www/extsuite/extmail/libs/Ext
[root@node1 Ext]# cp Utils.pm /var/www/extsuite/extman/libs/
[root@node1 Ext]# cd /var/www/extsuite/extman/libs/Ext
[root@node1 Ext]# mv Utils.pm ManUtils.pm
[root@node1 Ext]# /var/www/extsuite/extmail/dispatch-init stop
[root@node1 Ext]# /var/www/extsuite/extmail/dispatch-init start
——Extmail 虚拟主机配置 [这里用的是 nginx]
1）配置 extmail 虚拟主机
[root@node1 ~]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/extmail.conf
server {
listen 8080;
server_name mail.test.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php index.cgi;
root /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html/;
location /extmail/cgi/ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8888;
fastcgi_index index.cgi;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fcgi.conf;
}
location /extmail/ {
alias /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html/;
}
location /extman/cgi/ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8888;
fastcgi_index index.cgi;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fcgi.conf;
}
location /extman/ {
alias /var/www/extsuite/extman/html/;
}
access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/extmail_access.log;
}
2）创建 fcgi.conf
12345678910111213141516 [root@node1 ~]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
3）重启 nginx
[root@node1 ~]# service nginx restart
——Extmail 测试
http://192.168.2.220:8080/extman/ 管理后台 用户名：root@test.com 初始密码：extmail*123*
http://192.168.2.220:8080/extmail/cgi/index.cgi extmail 用户登录界面
注册账号后登陆报错：
Can’t chdir to /var/mailbox/test.com/fei.xiao/Maildir/, No such file or directory
解决方案：
目录权限属性问题：
查看 extman 的:
SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /var/mailbox
配置是否正确, 删除域名再重建，在新建用户的时候会自动在 /var/mailbox/ 下创建该用户的域名和邮件目录
CentOS 6.4 下 Postfix 邮件服务安装和基本配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88977.htm
CentOS 5.5 下邮件服务器 Postfix 安装 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-05/60010.htm
搭建 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.4 的 Postfix 邮件服务器 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-12/77167.htm
Linux 下架构安全邮件服务器之 Postfix（认证）http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-09/70527.htm
20 个关于 Postfix 的面试题 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-12/110061.htm
Postfix 的详细介绍：请点这里
Postfix 的下载地址：请点这里
本文永久更新链接地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-04/129938.htm
