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目的:nginx 处理用户请求的静态页面,tomcat 处理用户请求 jsp 页面,来实现动态分离,nginx 处理静态页面效率远高于 tomcat,这样一来就能更好的提高并发,处理性能。
准备软件:
下载 jdk1.7:http://www.Oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk7-downloads-1880260.html
下载 tomcat8.0:http://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi
下载 nginx1.4.4:http://nginx.org/en/download.html
1、JDK 配置
[root@localhost ~]# tar xvfjdk-7u45-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# mv jdk1.7.0_45/ /usr/local/jdk
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export JAVA_HOME PATHCLASSPATH
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# java -version #显示版本说明成功
java version”1.7.0_45″
2、Tomcat 配置
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvfapache-tomcat-8.0.0-RC5.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# mv apache-tomcat-8.0.0-RC5/usr/local/tomcat
# 默认 tomcat 是 root 身份运行的,这样不安全,我们设置来用普通用户
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g tomcat tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# passwd tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# chown tomcat.tomcat -R /usr/local/tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# su – tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
[root@localhost ~]# echo “su – tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh” >> /etc/rc.local #开机启动
3、Nginx 安装配置
[root@localhost ~]# groupaddnginx
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -gnginx -s /sbin/nologin nginx
[root@localhost ~]# yuminstall –y make zlib-devel openssl-devel pcre-devel
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvfnginx-1.4.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cdnginx-1.4.4
[root@localhost nginx-1.4.4]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –with-http_ssl_module –with-http_gzip_static_module–with-http_stub_status_module
[root@localhost nginx-1.4.4]# make && make install
# 主配置文件配置
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log logs/error.log;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#日志格式定义
log_format main ‘$remote_addr – $remote_user[$time_local] “$request” ‘
‘$status $body_bytes_sent”$http_referer” ‘
‘”$http_user_agent” “$http_x_forwarded_for”‘;
access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip 压缩功能设置
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascripttext/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.test.com;
location / {
#jsp 网站程序根目录,一般 nginx 与 tomcat 在同一个目录
root /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT;
index index.html index.jsp index.html;
}
location ~ .*.jsp$ {
index index.jsp;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; #来自 jsp 请求交给 tomcat 处理
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP$remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host; #后端的 Web 服务器可以通过 X -Forwarded-For 获取用户真实 IP
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
client_max_body_size 10m; #允许客户端请求的最大单文件字节数
client_body_buffer_size 128k; #缓冲区代理缓冲用户端请求的最大字节数,
proxy_connect_timeout 90; #nginx 跟后端服务器连接超时时间(代理连接超时)
proxy_read_timeout 90; #连接成功后,后端服务器响应时间(代理接收超时)
proxy_buffer_size 4k; #设置代理服务器(nginx)保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小
proxy_buffers 6 32k; #proxy_buffers 缓冲区,网页平均在 32k 以下的话,这样设置
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; #高负荷下缓冲大小(proxy_buffers*2)
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #设定缓存文件夹大小,大于这个值,将从 upstream 服务器传
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|bmp|swf)$ #由 nginx 处理静态页面
{
expires 30d; #使用 expires 缓存模块,缓存到客户端 30 天
}
location ~ .*\.(jsp|js|css)?$
{
expires 1d;
}
error_page 404 /404.html; #错误页面
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
# 编写 nginx 启动、停止、重启等 SysV 管理脚本,方便使用
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 345 99 20
# description: Nginx servicecontrol script
PROG=”/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx”
PIDF=”/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid”
case “$1” in
start)
$PROG
echo “Nginx servicestart success.”
;;
stop)
kill -s QUIT $(cat $PIDF)
echo “Nginx service stopsuccess.”
;;
restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
reload)
kill -s HUP $(cat $PIDF)
echo”reload Nginx configsuccess.”
;;
*)
echo “Usage: $0{start|stop|restart|reload}”
exit 1
esac
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x/etc/init.d/nginx
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx restart
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig –add nginx
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig nginx on
Nginx 的详细介绍:请点这里
Nginx 的下载地址:请点这里
推荐阅读:
Nginx 实现反向代理和负载均衡的配置及优化 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-11/92909.htm
Nginx 做负载均衡报:nginx: [emerg] could not build the types_hash http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-10/92063.htm
Nginx 负载均衡模块 ngx_http_upstream_module 详述 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-10/91907.htm
Nginx+Firebug 让浏览器告诉你负载均衡将请求分到了哪台服务器 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-10/91824.htm
Ubuntu 安装 Nginx php5-fpm MySQL(LNMP 环境搭建) http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-10/72458.htm
Nginx+Tomcat 动静分离搭建 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-10/72855.htm
4、性能测试
下面我们使用的 ab 压力测试工具,模拟发起一次 1 万的并发请求,使用的 index.html 页面是百度首页代码
Nginx 测试
Tomcat 测试
主要参数说明:
Requests per second:平均每秒处理事务数
Time per request:平均事务响应时间
Tranfer rate:平均每秒吞吐量
经上面测试得出:nginx 每秒能请求 6000 次,而 tomcat 只请求 6000 次。
nginx 每秒吞吐量是 3.6M,tomcat 每秒吞吐量 0.6M
由此看来,nginx 是 tomcat6 倍的处理能力,如果网站程序静态页面多的话,就应该考虑使用 Nginx 与 Tomcat 整合来使用。
目的:nginx 处理用户请求的静态页面,tomcat 处理用户请求 jsp 页面,来实现动态分离,nginx 处理静态页面效率远高于 tomcat,这样一来就能更好的提高并发,处理性能。
准备软件:
下载 jdk1.7:http://www.Oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk7-downloads-1880260.html
下载 tomcat8.0:http://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi
下载 nginx1.4.4:http://nginx.org/en/download.html
1、JDK 配置
[root@localhost ~]# tar xvfjdk-7u45-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# mv jdk1.7.0_45/ /usr/local/jdk
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export JAVA_HOME PATHCLASSPATH
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# java -version #显示版本说明成功
java version”1.7.0_45″
2、Tomcat 配置
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvfapache-tomcat-8.0.0-RC5.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# mv apache-tomcat-8.0.0-RC5/usr/local/tomcat
# 默认 tomcat 是 root 身份运行的,这样不安全,我们设置来用普通用户
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g tomcat tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# passwd tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# chown tomcat.tomcat -R /usr/local/tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# su – tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
[root@localhost ~]# echo “su – tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh” >> /etc/rc.local #开机启动
3、Nginx 安装配置
[root@localhost ~]# groupaddnginx
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -gnginx -s /sbin/nologin nginx
[root@localhost ~]# yuminstall –y make zlib-devel openssl-devel pcre-devel
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvfnginx-1.4.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cdnginx-1.4.4
[root@localhost nginx-1.4.4]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –with-http_ssl_module –with-http_gzip_static_module–with-http_stub_status_module
[root@localhost nginx-1.4.4]# make && make install
# 主配置文件配置
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log logs/error.log;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#日志格式定义
log_format main ‘$remote_addr – $remote_user[$time_local] “$request” ‘
‘$status $body_bytes_sent”$http_referer” ‘
‘”$http_user_agent” “$http_x_forwarded_for”‘;
access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip 压缩功能设置
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascripttext/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.test.com;
location / {
#jsp 网站程序根目录,一般 nginx 与 tomcat 在同一个目录
root /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT;
index index.html index.jsp index.html;
}
location ~ .*.jsp$ {
index index.jsp;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; #来自 jsp 请求交给 tomcat 处理
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP$remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host; #后端的 Web 服务器可以通过 X -Forwarded-For 获取用户真实 IP
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
client_max_body_size 10m; #允许客户端请求的最大单文件字节数
client_body_buffer_size 128k; #缓冲区代理缓冲用户端请求的最大字节数,
proxy_connect_timeout 90; #nginx 跟后端服务器连接超时时间(代理连接超时)
proxy_read_timeout 90; #连接成功后,后端服务器响应时间(代理接收超时)
proxy_buffer_size 4k; #设置代理服务器(nginx)保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小
proxy_buffers 6 32k; #proxy_buffers 缓冲区,网页平均在 32k 以下的话,这样设置
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; #高负荷下缓冲大小(proxy_buffers*2)
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #设定缓存文件夹大小,大于这个值,将从 upstream 服务器传
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|bmp|swf)$ #由 nginx 处理静态页面
{
expires 30d; #使用 expires 缓存模块,缓存到客户端 30 天
}
location ~ .*\.(jsp|js|css)?$
{
expires 1d;
}
error_page 404 /404.html; #错误页面
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
# 编写 nginx 启动、停止、重启等 SysV 管理脚本,方便使用
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 345 99 20
# description: Nginx servicecontrol script
PROG=”/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx”
PIDF=”/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid”
case “$1” in
start)
$PROG
echo “Nginx servicestart success.”
;;
stop)
kill -s QUIT $(cat $PIDF)
echo “Nginx service stopsuccess.”
;;
restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
reload)
kill -s HUP $(cat $PIDF)
echo”reload Nginx configsuccess.”
;;
*)
echo “Usage: $0{start|stop|restart|reload}”
exit 1
esac
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x/etc/init.d/nginx
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx restart
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig –add nginx
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig nginx on
Nginx 的详细介绍:请点这里
Nginx 的下载地址:请点这里
推荐阅读:
Nginx 实现反向代理和负载均衡的配置及优化 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-11/92909.htm
Nginx 做负载均衡报:nginx: [emerg] could not build the types_hash http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-10/92063.htm
Nginx 负载均衡模块 ngx_http_upstream_module 详述 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-10/91907.htm
Nginx+Firebug 让浏览器告诉你负载均衡将请求分到了哪台服务器 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-10/91824.htm
Ubuntu 安装 Nginx php5-fpm MySQL(LNMP 环境搭建) http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-10/72458.htm
Nginx+Tomcat 动静分离搭建 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-10/72855.htm