Ubuntu 16.04 下源码配置LNMP开发环境

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最近把系统升级到 Ubuntu 16.04 长期支持版，重新部署了 LNMP 环境

约定几个目录源码目录 /usr/local/src

MySQL /usr/local/mysql

php /usr/local/php

nginx /usr/local/nginx

gcc/g++：MySQL 5.6 开始，需要使用 g ++ 进行编译。

bison：MySQL 语法解析器需要使用 bison 进行编译。

libncurses5-dev：用于终端操作的开发包.(注：Debian/Ubuntu 下需要安装 libncurses5-dev；RedHat 下需要安装 ncurses-devel)
zlib：MySQL 使用 zlib 进行压缩

libxml2：用于 XML 输入输出方式的支持。

openssl：使用 openssl 安全套接字方式通信。

dtrace：用于诊断 MySQL 问题。

cmake：MySQL 5.5 开始，使用 cmake 进行工程管理，cmake 需要 2.8 以上版本。

sudo apt-get install gcc

sudo apt-get install libxml2

sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev bison

安装 cmake 下载地址 https://cmake.org/download/

mkdir /usr/local/src

tar zxvf cmake-3.6.1.tar.gz

mv cmake-3.6.1 /usr/local/src

cd cmake-3.6.1

./configure make && make install

vim ~/.bashrc

添加

export PATH=”/usr/local/src/cmake-3.6.1/bin/cmake:$PATH”

从 MySQL 5.7.5 开始 Boost 库是必需的，下载 Boost 库 http://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/

tar zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz

mv boost_1_59_0 /usr/local/

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data/

根据需要另外创建 mysql socket 文件保存目录，如果要重新指定存放位置，需要重新编译

groupadd mysql 添加 mysql 用户组

useradd mysql -g mysql 添加 mysql 用户并指定 mysql 用户组

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/ 改变指定目录以及其子目录下权限为 mysql 用户和 mysql 用户组

mysql 官方下载地址

http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ 选择可编译版本

tar zxvf mysql-5.7.14.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.7.14

编译

cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITHOUT_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock -DCOMPILATION_COMMENT=”string”-DENABLED_PROFILING=1 -DOPTIMIZER_TRACE=1 -DWITH_DEBUG=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost

make && make install

在 5.5 和 5.6 版本中，mysql 数据库是使用 mysqld_db_install 命令进行初始化的；在 5.7 之后，数据库初始化发生了改变，需要 mysqld 命令进行初始化：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld –initialize –user=mysql –basedir=/usr/local/mysql –datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

— 以 root 初始化操作时要加 –user=mysql 参数，生成一个随机密码（注意保存登录时用）

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/data

复制默认配置文件到 /etc

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

sudo chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe –user –defaults-file/etc/my.cnf

netstat -altn | grep 3306 或 ps -ef|grep mysql

tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p

mysql> set password for root@localhost=password(‘ 新密码 ’);

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

cd /usr/local/mysql/
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

sudo chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql

sudo apt-get install sysv-rc-conf

sudo sysv-rc-conf mysql on

systemctl enable mysql.service

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql {stop|start} 或者 sudo service mysql start | stop

sudo vim ~/.bashrc

export PATH=”/usr/local/mysql/bin/:$PATH”

export PATH

准备工作

需要 zlib 库 http://www.zlib.net/

tar -xvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

mv /usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.8 /usr/local/src/zlib

cd /usr/local/src/zlib

./configure –shared && make test && make install

cp zutil.h /usr/local/include

cp zutil.c /usr/local/include

mkdir /usr/local/zlib

./configure –prefix=/usr/local/zlib

Add /usr/local/zlib/lib to /etc/ld.so.conf

ldconfig

需要 pcre 库 http://www.pcre.org/

tar zxvf pcre-8.39.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

mv /usr/local/src/pcre-8.39 /usr/local/src/prce

cd /usr/local/prce

./configure && make && make install

ssl 功能需要 openssl 库 http://www.openssl.org/source/ 下载 1.0.2g 版本

tar zxvf openssl-1.0.2g.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

cd /usr/local/openssl-1.0.2g

./config –prefix=/usr/local/ shared

make test && make install

添加到动态链接库

Add /usr/local/lib to /etc/ld.so.conf

ldconfig

groupadd www

useradd www -g www

chown -R www:www /usr/local/nginx

nginx 官网 http://nginx.org/

tar zxvf nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.10.1

编译安装

./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.2g –with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre –with-zlib=/usr/local/src/zlib –pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid –with-http_ssl_module –with-http_stub_status_module

make && make install

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

ps -ef | grep nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop, quit, reopen, reload

cp /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /etc/init.d/nginx

sudo chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx

sudo sysv-rc-conf nginx on

sudo ~/.bashrc

export PATH=”/usr/local/nginx/sbin/:$PATH”

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

location / {

root /www;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

}

location ~ \.php$ {

root /www;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /www$fastcgi_script_name;

include fastcgi_params;

}

// 注：黑体 www 为 web 根目录，改成对应目录即可

apt-get 安装 php 7 php5.6

php 7

apt-get install php7.0-mysql php7.0-curl php7.0-gd php7.0-intl php-pear php-imagick php7.0-imap php7.0-mcrypt php-memcache php7.0-pspell php7.0-recode php7.0-sqlite3 php7.0-tidy php7.0-xmlrpc php7.0-xsl php7.0-mbstring php-gettext

php 5.6

sudo apt install software-properties-common

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install php5.6

sudo apt-get install php5.6-mbstring php5.6-mcrypt php5.6-mysql php5.6-xml

t1lib（php 字体类扩展）版本 t1lib-5.1.2.tar.gz http://www.t1lib.org/

解压

tar zxvf t1lib-5.1.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

cd /usr/local/src t1lib-5.1.2

./configure

提示错误 : X11/Xaw/Label.h: No such file or directory

缺少 libxaw 库

sudo apt-get install libxaw7-dev

./configure && make without_doc && make install

官网下载 php5.6.25 源码包

tar zxvf php-5.6.23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

cd /usr/local/src/

编译安装

./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php –with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc –with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock –enable-mbstring –enable-mysqlnd –with-mysql=mysqlnd –with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config –with-mysqli=mysqlnd –with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd –enable-fpm –with-fpm-group=www –with-fpm-user=www –enable-bcmath –enable-bcmath –enable-soap –enable-calendar –with-pcre-dir=/usr/local/src/pcre –with-mcrypt –enable-xml –with-xmlrpc –with-xsl –enable-sockets –enable-opcache –with-gd –with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-xpm-dir –with-freetype-dir –enable-gd-native-ttf –enable-dtrace –with-openssl –with-kerberos –with-openssl-dir=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.2g –enable-zip –with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/src/zlib –with-t1lib=/usr/local/share/t1lib –with-libxml-dir –with-iconv-dir –with-libzip –enable-intl –with-curl=DIR –enable-ftp

提示 Cannot find sys/sdt.h which is required for DTrace support

根据官方提示 dTrace 某些开发版需要安装 SystemTap SDT 开发包

apt-cache search SystemTap SDT

apt-get install systemtap-sdt-dev

提示 curl 编译失败

apt-get install libcurl4-gnutls-dev

apt-get install curl php5.6-curl

提示重新安装 libzip

apt-get install libzip-dev

make clean

./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php –with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc –with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock –enable-mbstring –enable-mysqlnd –with-mysql=mysqlnd –with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config –with-mysqli=mysqlnd –with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd –enable-fpm –with-fpm-group=www –with-fpm-user=www –enable-bcmath –enable-bcmath –enable-soap –enable-calendar –with-pcre-dir=/usr/local/src/pcre –with-mcrypt –enable-xml –with-xmlrpc –with-xsl –enable-sockets –enable-opcache –with-gd –with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-xpm-dir –with-freetype-dir –enable-gd-native-ttf –enable-dtrace –with-openssl –with-kerberos –with-openssl-dir=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.2g –enable-zip –with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/src/zlib –with-t1lib=/usr/local/share/t1lib –with-libxml-dir –with-iconv-dir –with-libzip –enable-intl –with-curl=DIR –with-imap –with-imap-ssl –enable-ftp

make && make test

测试通过进行安装

make install

从源文件复制 php.ini 到目录

cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

复制 php-fpm.conf

cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

sudo cp ./sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm

sudo sysv-rc-conf php-fpm on

sudo cp ./sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /usr/local/php/sbin/init.d.php-fpm

sudo chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm

cd /usr/local/php/sbin/