CentOS 7 编译安装Nginx1.10.2 脚本启动失败解决思路

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环境

• 系统：CentOS 7 amazon aws 云
• 软件：nginx 1.10.2
• 默认用户：CentOS
• 安装方法：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-01/139792.htm

问题

将 nginx 脚本放入 /etc/init.d/ 中, 在 root 下使用

/etc/init.d/nginx start
Starting nginx (via systemctl): # 卡住 

检测服务状态如下输出：

[root@nginx]# service nginx status
● nginx.service - SYSV: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead) since Wed 2017-01-18 08:37:35 UTC; 2s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 18249 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
           ├─7276 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
           └─7277 nginx: worker process
 
Jan 18 08:34:26 systemd[1]: Starting SYSV: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server...
Jan 18 08:34:26 systemd[1]: PID file /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid not readable (yet?) after start.
Jan 18 08:37:35 systemd[1]: Stopped SYSV: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server.

nginx 脚本如下：

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemin
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15 
# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile:     /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
 
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
 
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
 
# Check that networking is up.
["$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
 
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
 
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
 
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
 
start() {[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [-f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    echo -n $"Starting $prog:"
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [$retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}
 
stop() {echo -n $"Stopping $prog:"
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [$retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}
 
restart() {configtest || return $?
    stop
    start
}
 
reload() {configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog:"
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}
 
force_reload() {restart}
 
configtest() {$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
 
rh_status() {status $prog
}
 
rh_status_q() {rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
 
case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

解决思路

开始以为是文件权限的问题。创建 nginx 用户，并切换到 nginx 用户启动服务。
创建 nginx nginx 组和用户
passwd nginx #创建密码登陆
并将 ngixn 的所属关系都使用 chown 更改。

chown nginx:nginx /usr/local/nginx -R # 更改所属关系 
groupadd nginx
useradd -g nginx nginx
passwd nginx
 
su nginx # 切换 nginx 用户 
 
/etc/init.d/nginx start # 执行启动 Nginx 命令 
# 输出 
Starting nginx (via systemctl):  ==== AUTHENTICATING FOR org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units ===
Authentication is required to manage system services or units.
Authenticating as: Cloud User (centos)
Password: 
# 发现还是要输入密码...
# 应该是解决思路不对，启动关联到了 centos 用户，nginx 用户尝试使用 sudo 命令启动 
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start
We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System
Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:
 
    #1) Respect the privacy of others.
    #2) Think before you type.
    #3) With great power comes great responsibility.
 
[sudo] password for nginx: 
nginx is not in the sudoers file.  This incident will be reported.
# 需要把 nginx 用户加入 sudoers 文件中, 好麻烦...
# 大致清楚了，就算 root 运行这个命令也需要 root 就切换到 root 尝试了下。
exit
#root 下 sudo 运行成功 
[root@nginx]# sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start
Starting nginx (via systemctl):                            [OK]
[root@nginx]# systemctl status nginx.service
● nginx.service - SYSV: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2017-01-18 09:03:56 UTC; 15min ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 18719 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 18726 (nginx)
   CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
           ├─18726 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
           ├─18727 nginx: worker process
           └─18728 nginx: worker process
 
Jan 18 09:03:55 systemd[1]: Starting SYSV: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server...
Jan 18 09:03:56 nginx[18719]: Starting nginx: [OK]
Jan 18 09:03:56 systemd[1]: Started SYSV: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server.
# 检查状态 
systemctl status nginx.service
● nginx.service - SYSV: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2017-01-18 09:44:10 UTC; 2s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 18957 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 18964 (nginx)
   CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
           ├─18964 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
           ├─18965 nginx: worker process
           └─18966 nginx: worker process
 
Jan 18 09:44:10 systemd[1]: Starting SYSV: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server...
Jan 18 09:44:10 nginx[18957]: Starting nginx: [OK]
Jan 18 09:44:10 systemd[1]: Started SYSV: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server.

由于云主机不能随便重启，共享地址会变化…所以没有尝试以下方式，应该改 selinux 也能实现访问的限制的移出。
应该修改 /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled

以后尝试一下。

在生产环境 单独创建出来个用户运行 nginx 比直接用 root 运行安全。还是使用 nginx 用户来运行。

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本文永久更新链接地址 ：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-01/139794.htm