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一、环境介绍
1.1、规划
|
序号 |
类别 |
版本 |
主机名 |
IP |
端口 |
备注 |
|
1 |
OS |
CentOS release 6.9 (Final) (minimal) |
my1 |
172.16.210.180 |
8306 |
172.16.210.183 |
|
2 |
MySQL |
mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz |
my2 |
172.16.210.181 |
8306 |
|
|
3 |
keeplived |
keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz |
mysql下载地址：
https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
keeplived下载地址：
http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
1.2、MySQL双主互备 +keepalived 高可用架构介绍
MySQL主从复制架构可以在很大程度保证 MySQL 的高可用，在一主多从的架构中还可以利用读写分离将读操作分配到从库中，减轻主库压力。但是在这种架构中，主库出现故障时需要手动将一台从库提升为主库。在对写操作要求较高的环境中，主库故障在主从架构中会成为单点故障。因此需要主主互备架构，避免主节点故障造成写操作失效。
在双主互备的架构中，每台 MySQL 都充当主服务器，同时充当对方的从服务器。在任意一台服务器上的写操作都会被复制到另一台服务器上，从而保证了数据的可靠性。
在双主互备的基础上加上 keepalived，在其中一台机器上绑定虚拟ip（VIP）。利用vip 统一对外服务，可以避免在两个节点同时写数据造成冲突。同时当 keepalived 主节点发生故障时，keeplived会自动将 VIP 切换到备节点上，从而实现主服务器的高可用。
二、安装mysql5.7
2.1、主机 M1 上的操作
2.1.1、安装依赖包
yum clean all
yum -y update
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make autoconf automake ncurses-devel bison ncurses cmake libaio libaio-devel boost
yum -y install gcc-c++ gd libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel net-snmp-devel wget telnet vim zip unzip
yum -y install curl-devel libxslt-devel pcre-devel libjpeg libpng libcurl4-openssl-dev
yum -y install libcurl-devel libcurl freetype-config freetype freetype-devel unixODBC libxslt
yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool openssl-devel
yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed
yum -y install cmake ncurses-devel.x86_64 openldap-devel.x86_64 lrzsz openssh-clients gcc-g77 bison
yum -y install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mhash mhash-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel
yum -y install ntpdate rsync svn patch iptables iptables-services
yum -y install libevent libevent-devel cyrus-sasl cyrus-sasl-devel
yum -y install gd-devel libmemcached-devel memcached git libssl-devel libyaml-devel auto make
yum -y groupinstall "Server Platform Development" "Development tools"
yum -y groupinstall "Development tools" 2.1.2、下载解压
rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
mkdir -p /opt/mysql
cd /opt/mysql/
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -zxf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/
ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql2.1.3、创建所需要的目录
mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql_8306/{data,logs,tmp}2.1.4、更改权限
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql -d /home/mysql -s /sbin/nologin2.1.5、创建my.cnf
cat >/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf <<EOF
#my.cnf
[client]
port = 8306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock
[mysql]
#prompt="\u@\h:\p \R:\m:\s [\d]>"
#tee=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/data/query.log
#prompt="\u@\h:\p \R:\m:\s [\d]>"
prompt = "[\u@\h][\d]>\_"
connect_timeout = 5
no-auto-rehash
[mysqld]
#misc
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/data
port = 8306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock
#timeout
interactive_timeout = 300
wait_timeout = 300
#character set
character-set-server = utf8
open_files_limit = 65535
max_connections = 100
max_connect_errors = 100000
skip-name-resolve = 1
#logs
log-output=file
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/error.log
log_error_verbosity = 3
pid-file = mysql.pid
long_query_time = 1
#log-slow-admin-statements = 1
#log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1
log-slow-slave-statements = 1
#tmp
tmpdir=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp
event_scheduler = 1
performance_schema = on
max_allowed_packet = 32M
character_set_server = utf8mb4
#character_set_server = utf8
default-time-zone = system
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
#bind_address = 172.16.151.248
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
#binlog
binlog_format = row
server-id = 1818306
log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/mysql-bin
log-bin-index = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/mysql-bin.index
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_size = 1G
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
sync_binlog = 0
expire_logs_days = 90
#replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%
#relay log
skip_slave_start = 1
max_relay_log_size = 1G
relay_log_purge = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
log_slave_updates
#slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1
#buffers & cache
table_open_cache = 2048
table_definition_cache = 2048
table_open_cache = 2048
max_heap_table_size = 96M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 256
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_limit = 256K
query_cache_min_res_unit = 512
thread_stack = 192K
tmp_table_size = 96M
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M
#myisam
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
#innodb
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 10G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_log_file_size = 500M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_rollback_on_timeout
innodb_status_file = 1
innodb_io_capacity = 2000
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay-log-info-repository = TABLE
binlog_checksum = NONE
log_slave_updates = ON
# Two-Master configure
#server-1
auto-increment-offset = 1
auto-increment-increment = 2
#server-2
#auto-increment-offset = 2
#auto-increment-increment = 2
# semi sync replication settings #
plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin #官方版本的路径
#plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/plugin
plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so" #官方版本的路径
#plugin_load = "validate_password.so;rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = on
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level = 32
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave = on
loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = on
loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level = 32
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1
loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count=1
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point=AFTER_SYNC
slave_preserve_commit_order = 1
slave_transaction_retries = 128
log_timestamps = system
show_compatibility_56 = on
slave_parallel_workers = 16
slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK
loose_innodb_numa_interleave = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 40
innodb_page_cleaners = 16
innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 2G
innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency = 128
#transaction_write_set_extraction = MURMUR32
# group replication
##log-bin = mysql
##server-id = 618306
##gtid_mode = ON
##enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
##master_info_repository = TABLE
##relay-log-info-repository = TABLE
##binlog_checksum = NONE
##log_slave_updates = ON
##binlog_format = row
##transaction_write_set_extraction=XXHASH64
##loose-group_replication_group_name = '3db33b36-0e51-409f-a61d-c99756e90154'
##loose-group_replication_start_on_boot = off
##loose-group_replication_local_address= "10.125.141.62:28306" # 不能超过 5 位数字
##loose-group_replication_group_seeds= "10.125.141.62:28306,10.125.141.62:23307,10.125.141.62:23308" # 不能超过 5 位数字
##loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group= off
# loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode=FALSE ### 本次搭建的是 mutil_mode
# loose-group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks= TRUE
[mysqld_safe]
#malloc-lib=/usr/local/mysql/lib/jmalloc.so
nice=-19
open-files-limit=65535
EOF2.1.6、修改目录权限
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/2.1.7、初始化
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --initialize-insecure &2.1.8、启动
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf &# 推荐的启动方式
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf &2.1.9、登陆方式
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -P8306 -S /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock或者
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -P8306 -S /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock2.1.10、创建授权修改密码
set sql_log_bin = 0;
create user 'rpl_user'@'%';
grant replication slave on *.* to 'rpl_user'@'%' identified by 'rpl_user2017';
update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('root2017') where user='root';
flush privileges;
set sql_log_bin = 1;
reset master ; reset slave all; 2.1.11、change master
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.16.210.181',MASTER_USER='rpl_user',
MASTER_PASSWORD='rpl_user2017',MASTER_PORT=8306,
MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10,MASTER_AUTO_POSITION =1;
start slave;
show slave status\G; 2.1.12、设置快捷登陆方式
[root@my1 local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config_editor set --host=localhost --login-path=8306_localhost_login \
> --user=root --port=8306 --password --socket=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock
Enter password:
[root@my1 local]#
# 查看
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config_editor print --all
[root@my1 local]# alias mysql.8306.login='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --login-path=8306_localhost_login'2.1.13、快捷关闭数据库
[root@my1 local]#alias mysql.8306.stop='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --login-path=8306_localhost_login shutdown'2.1.14、加入备忘录
[root@my1 ~]# cat >>/root/.bashrc <<EOF
alias mysql.8306.start='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf &'
alias mysql.8306.login='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --login-path=8306_localhost_login'
alias mysql.8306.stop='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --login-path=8306_localhost_login shutdown'
EOF
[root@my1 ~]# source /root/.bash_profile2.1.15、备份脚本
[root@my1 ~]# cat /root/all_database.sh
#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --login-path=8306_localhost_login -R -E --triggers -e --max_allowed_packet=16777216 --net_buffer_length=16384 --master-data=2 --single-transaction --all-databases --quick | gzip >/root/all_database_bak_`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S`.sql.gz
[root@my1 ~]# 2.2、主机 M2 上的操作
2.2.1、安装依赖包
yum clean all
yum -y update
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make autoconf automake ncurses-devel bison ncurses cmake libaio libaio-devel boost
yum -y install gcc-c++ gd libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel net-snmp-devel wget telnet vim zip unzip
yum -y install curl-devel libxslt-devel pcre-devel libjpeg libpng libcurl4-openssl-dev
yum -y install libcurl-devel libcurl freetype-config freetype freetype-devel unixODBC libxslt
yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool openssl-devel
yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed
yum -y install cmake ncurses-devel.x86_64 openldap-devel.x86_64 lrzsz openssh-clients gcc-g77 bison
yum -y install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mhash mhash-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel
yum -y install ntpdate rsync svn patch iptables iptables-services
yum -y install libevent libevent-devel cyrus-sasl cyrus-sasl-devel
yum -y install gd-devel libmemcached-devel memcached git libssl-devel libyaml-devel auto make
yum -y groupinstall "Server Platform Development" "Development tools"
yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"2.2.2、下载安装
rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
mkdir -p /opt/mysql
cd /opt/mysql/
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -zxf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/
ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql2.2.3、创建所需要的目录
mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql_8306/{data,logs,tmp} 2.2.4、更改权限
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql -d /home/mysql -s /sbin/nologin2.2.5、创建my.cnf
cat >/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf <<EOF
#my.cnf
[client]
port = 8306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock
[mysql]
#prompt="\u@\h:\p \R:\m:\s [\d]>"
#tee=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/data/query.log
#prompt="\u@\h:\p \R:\m:\s [\d]>"
prompt = "[\u@\h][\d]>\_"
connect_timeout = 5
no-auto-rehash
[mysqld]
#misc
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/data
port = 8306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock
#timeout
interactive_timeout = 300
wait_timeout = 300
#character set
character-set-server = utf8
open_files_limit = 65535
max_connections = 100
max_connect_errors = 100000
skip-name-resolve = 1
#logs
log-output=file
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/error.log
log_error_verbosity = 3
pid-file = mysql.pid
long_query_time = 1
#log-slow-admin-statements = 1
#log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1
log-slow-slave-statements = 1
#tmp
tmpdir=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp
event_scheduler = 1
performance_schema = on
max_allowed_packet = 32M
character_set_server = utf8mb4
#character_set_server = utf8
default-time-zone = system
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
#bind_address = 172.16.151.248
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
#binlog
binlog_format = row
server-id = 1818306
log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/mysql-bin
log-bin-index = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/mysql-bin.index
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_size = 1G
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
sync_binlog = 0
expire_logs_days = 90
#replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%
#relay log
skip_slave_start = 1
max_relay_log_size = 1G
relay_log_purge = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
log_slave_updates
#slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1
#buffers & cache
table_open_cache = 2048
table_definition_cache = 2048
table_open_cache = 2048
max_heap_table_size = 96M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 256
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_limit = 256K
query_cache_min_res_unit = 512
thread_stack = 192K
tmp_table_size = 96M
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M
#myisam
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
#innodb
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 10G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_log_file_size = 500M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_rollback_on_timeout
innodb_status_file = 1
innodb_io_capacity = 2000
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay-log-info-repository = TABLE
binlog_checksum = NONE
log_slave_updates = ON
# Two-Master configure
#server-1
#auto-increment-offset = 1
#auto-increment-increment = 2
#server-2
auto-increment-offset = 2
auto-increment-increment = 2
# semi sync replication settings #
plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin #官方版本的路径
#plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/plugin
plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so" #官方版本的路径
#plugin_load = "validate_password.so;rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = on
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level = 32
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave = on
loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = on
loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level = 32
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1
loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count=1
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point=AFTER_SYNC
slave_preserve_commit_order = 1
slave_transaction_retries = 128
log_timestamps = system
show_compatibility_56 = on
slave_parallel_workers = 16
slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK
loose_innodb_numa_interleave = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 40
innodb_page_cleaners = 16
innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 2G
innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency = 128
#transaction_write_set_extraction = MURMUR32
# group replication
##log-bin = mysql
##server-id = 618306
##gtid_mode = ON
##enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
##master_info_repository = TABLE
##relay-log-info-repository = TABLE
##binlog_checksum = NONE
##log_slave_updates = ON
##binlog_format = row
##transaction_write_set_extraction=XXHASH64
##loose-group_replication_group_name = '3db33b36-0e51-409f-a61d-c99756e90154'
##loose-group_replication_start_on_boot = off
##loose-group_replication_local_address= "10.125.141.62:28306" # 不能超过 5 位数字
##loose-group_replication_group_seeds= "10.125.141.62:28306,10.125.141.62:23307,10.125.141.62:23308" # 不能超过 5 位数字
##loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group= off
# loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode=FALSE ### 本次搭建的是 mutil_mode
# loose-group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks= TRUE
[mysqld_safe]
#malloc-lib=/usr/local/mysql/lib/jmalloc.so
nice=-19
open-files-limit=65535
EOF 2.2.6、修改目录权限
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/2.2.7、初始化
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --initialize-insecure & 2.2.8、启动
#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf &# 推荐的启动方式/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf &
2.2.9、登陆方式
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -P8306 -S /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock
或者
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -P8306 -S /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock
2.2.10、创建授权修改密码
set sql_log_bin = 0;
create user 'rpl_user'@'%';
grant replication slave on *.* to 'rpl_user'@'%' identified by 'rpl_user2017';
update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('root2017') where user='root';
flush privileges;
set sql_log_bin = 1;
reset master ; reset slave all; 2.2.11、change master
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.16.210.180',MASTER_USER='rpl_user',
MASTER_PASSWORD='rpl_user2017',MASTER_PORT=8306,
MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10,MASTER_AUTO_POSITION =1;
start slave;
show slave status\G;2.2.12、设置快捷登陆方式
[root@my2 local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config_editor set --host=localhost --login-path=8306_localhost_login \
> --user=root --port=8306 --password --socket=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock
Enter password:
[root@my2 local]#
# 查看
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config_editor print --all
[root@my2 local]# alias mysql.8306.login='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --login-path=8306_localhost_login'2.2.13、快捷关闭数据库
[root@my2 local]#alias mysql.8306.stop='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --login-path=8306_localhost_login shutdown'2.2.14、加入备忘录
[root@my2 ~]# cat >>/root/.bashrc <<EOF
alias mysql.8306.start='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf &'
alias mysql.8306.login='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --login-path=8306_localhost_login'
alias mysql.8306.stop='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --login-path=8306_localhost_login shutdown'
EOF
[root@my2 ~]# source /root/.bash_profile 2.2.15、备份脚本
[root@my2 ~]# cat /root/all_database.sh
#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --login-path=8306_localhost_login -R -E --triggers -e --max_allowed_packet=16777216 --net_buffer_length=16384 --master-data=2 --single-transaction --all-databases --quick | gzip >/root/all_database_bak_`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S`.sql.gz
[root@my2 ~]# 三、验证同步情况
3.1、在 my1 中操作
[root@my1 ~]# mysql.8306.login
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.20-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
[root@localhost][(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@localhost][(none)]> create database db1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
[root@localhost][(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db1 |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@localhost][(none)]>
[root@localhost][(none)]> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 172.16.210.181
Master_User: rpl_user
Master_Port: 8306
Connect_Retry: 10
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 150
Relay_Log_File: my1-relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 150
Relay_Log_Space: 721
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 0
Master_UUID: d14b54b4-de49-11e7-96ea-8ae132e2dda2
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set: ce20a632-de49-11e7-9587-c2c763ed137c:1
Auto_Position: 1
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
[root@localhost][(none)]> 3.2、在 my2 中操作
[root@my2 local]# mysql.8306.login
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 32
Server version: 5.7.20-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
[root@localhost][(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db1 |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@localhost][(none)]> create database db2;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
[root@localhost][(none)]> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.16.210.180
Master_User: rpl_user
Master_Port: 8306
Connect_Retry: 10
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 303
Relay_Log_File: my2-relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 508
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 303
Relay_Log_Space: 910
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1808306
Master_UUID: ce20a632-de49-11e7-9587-c2c763ed137c
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: ce20a632-de49-11e7-9587-c2c763ed137c:1
Executed_Gtid_Set: ce20a632-de49-11e7-9587-c2c763ed137c:1,
d14b54b4-de49-11e7-96ea-8ae132e2dda2:1
Auto_Position: 1
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
同步正常 四、同步故障处理举例
# gtid 故障处理
模拟在从库删除库，然后再在主库删除该库，报如下错误
Last_SQL_Error: Error 'Can't drop database 'db1'; database doesn't exist' on query. Default database: 'db1'. Query: 'drop database db1'
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 628306
Master_UUID: 11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 170227 15:44:06
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:1-2
Executed_Gtid_Set: 11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:1,
1760a7a5-fcbc-11e6-8f14-005056b90358:1
Auto_Position: 1
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
处理方法：stop slave;
set gtid_next='11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:2';
begin;
commit;
set gtid_next='automatic';
start slave;
show slave status\G; 五、配置 keeplived 实现高可用
参考资料：
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-06/118767.htm
5.1、在 my1 中的操作
yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel popt-devel libnl-* libn*# 安装依赖包
# 将 keepalived 配置成系统服务
wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.2.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make && make install
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
mkdir /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived
# server1
cat >/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF
! Configuration File forkeepalived
global_defs {
# notification_email {
# test@sina.com
# }
# notification_email_from admin@test.com
# smtp_server 127.0.0.1
# smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id MYSQL_HA18 #标识，双主相同
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #两台都设置 BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 18 #主备相同
priority 100 #优先级，backup 设置 90
advert_int 1
nopreempt #不主动抢占资源，只在 master 这台优先级高的设置，backup 不设置
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {172.16.210.183
}
}
virtual_server 172.16.210.183 8306 {delay_loop 2
#lb_algo rr #LVS 算法，用不到，我们就关闭了
#lb_kind DR #LVS 模式，如果不关闭，备用服务器不能通过 VIP 连接主 MySQL
persistence_timeout 50 #同一 IP 的连接 60 秒内被分配到同一台真实服务器
protocol TCP
real_server 172.16.210.180 8306 { #检测本地 mysql，backup 也要写检测本地 mysql
weight 3
notify_down /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh #当 mysq 服 down 时，执行此脚本，杀死 keepalived 实现切换
TCP_CHECK {connect_timeout 3 #连接超时
nb_get_retry 3 #重试次数
delay_before_retry 3 #重试间隔时间
}
}
EOF
cat >/usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
pkill keepalived
EOF
chmod +x /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh
chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived
/etc/init.d/keepalived start 5.2、在 my2 中的操作
yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel popt-devel libnl-* libn*# 安装依赖包
# 将 keepalived 配置成系统服务
wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.2.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make && make install
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
mkdir /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived
# server2
cat >/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF
cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File forkeepalived
global_defs {
# notification_email {
# test@sina.com
# }
# notification_email_from admin@test.com
# smtp_server 127.0.0.1
# smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id MYSQL_HA18 #标识，双主相同
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #两台都设置 BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 18 #主备相同
priority 90 #优先级，backup 设置 90
advert_int 1
#nopreempt #不主动抢占资源，只在 master 这台优先级高的设置，backup 不设置
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {172.16.210.183
}
}
virtual_server 172.16.210.183 8306 {delay_loop 2
#lb_algo rr #LVS 算法，用不到，我们就关闭了
#lb_kind DR #LVS 模式，如果不关闭，备用服务器不能通过 VIP 连接主 MySQL
persistence_timeout 50 #同一 IP 的连接 60 秒内被分配到同一台真实服务器
protocol TCP
real_server 172.16.210.181 8306 { #检测本地 mysql，backup 也要写检测本地 mysql
weight 3
notify_down /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh #当 mysq 服 down 时，执行此脚本，杀死 keepalived 实现切换
TCP_CHECK {connect_timeout 3 #连接超时
nb_get_retry 3 #重试次数
delay_before_retry 3 #重试间隔时间
}
}
EOF
cat >/usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
pkill keepalived
EOF
chmod +x /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh
chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived
/etc/init.d/keepalived start六、测试高可用性
6.1、启动 my1 的keeplive服务
[root@my1 ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [OK]
[root@my1 ~]#
[root@my1 ~]# tail /var/log/messages
Dec 12 15:12:46 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: IPVS: Service not defined
Dec 12 15:12:46 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
Dec 12 15:12:46 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: Activating healthchecker for service [172.16.210.180]:8306
Dec 12 15:12:46 localhost kernel: IPVS: Scheduler module ip_vs_ not found
Dec 12 15:12:50 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Dec 12 15:12:51 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Dec 12 15:12:51 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Dec 12 15:12:51 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.210.183
Dec 12 15:12:51 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.210.183 added
Dec 12 15:12:56 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.210.183
[root@my1 ~]# 6.2、启动 my2 的keeplived服务
[root@my2 ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [OK]
[root@my2 ~]#
[root@my2 ~]# tail /var/log/messages
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Configuration is using : 10232 Bytes
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(10,11)]
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: IPVS: Scheduler not found
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: IPVS: Service not defined
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Activating healthchecker for service [172.16.210.181]:8306
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost kernel: IPVS: Scheduler module ip_vs_ not found
[root@my2 ~]# 6.3、关闭 my1 的mysql服务
[root@my1 ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root 13119 10926 0 15:15 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysql
root 19296 1 0 Dec11 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf
mysql 20709 19296 0 Dec11 ? 00:00:55 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/error.log --open-files-limit=65535 --pid-file=mysql.pid --socket=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock --port=8306
[root@my1 ~]# mysql.8306.stop
[root@my1 ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root 13138 10926 0 15:18 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysql
[root@my1 ~]#
# 查看 my1 的日志
[root@my1 ~]# tail -20 /var/log/messages
Dec 12 15:12:46 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: IPVS: Service not defined
Dec 12 15:12:46 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
Dec 12 15:12:46 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: Activating healthchecker for service [172.16.210.180]:8306
Dec 12 15:12:46 localhost kernel: IPVS: Scheduler module ip_vs_ not found
Dec 12 15:12:50 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Dec 12 15:12:51 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Dec 12 15:12:51 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Dec 12 15:12:51 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.210.183
Dec 12 15:12:51 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.210.183 added
Dec 12 15:12:56 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.210.183
Dec 12 15:18:34 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: TCP connection to [172.16.210.180]:8306 failed !!!
Dec 12 15:18:34 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: Removing service [172.16.210.180]:8306 from VS [172.16.210.183]:8306
Dec 12 15:18:34 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: IPVS: Service not defined
Dec 12 15:18:34 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: Executing [/usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh] for service [172.16.210.180]:8306 in VS [172.16.210.183]:8306
Dec 12 15:18:34 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: Lost quorum 1-0=1 > 0 for VS [172.16.210.183]:8306
Dec 12 15:18:34 localhost Keepalived[13089]: Stopping Keepalived v1.2.7 (12/12,2017)
Dec 12 15:18:34 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) sending 0 priority
Dec 12 15:18:34 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
Dec 12 15:18:34 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.210.183 removed
Dec 12 15:18:34 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: IPVS: No such service
[root@my1 ~]# 6.4、查看 my2 的日志及其 vip 情况
[root@my2 ~]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 8a:e1:32:e2:dd:a2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.210.181/24 brd 172.16.210.255 scope global eth0
inet 172.16.210.183/32 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::88e1:32ff:fee2:dda2/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether f6:da:a4:00:84:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@my2 ~]#
[root@my2 ~]# tail -30 /var/log/messages
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: No such interface, eth1
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.210.181 added
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::88e1:32ff:fee2:dda2 added
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Interface queue is empty
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: No such interface, eth1
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.210.181 added
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::88e1:32ff:fee2:dda2 added
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: Configuration is using : 61661 Bytes
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Configuration is using : 10232 Bytes
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(10,11)]
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: IPVS: Scheduler not found
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: IPVS: Service not defined
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Activating healthchecker for service [172.16.210.181]:8306
Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost kernel: IPVS: Scheduler module ip_vs_ not found
Dec 12 15:18:34 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Dec 12 15:18:35 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Dec 12 15:18:35 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Dec 12 15:18:35 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.210.183
Dec 12 15:18:35 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.210.183 added
Dec 12 15:18:40 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.210.183
[root@my2 ~]#
表明已经切换完成。 七、系统参数优化配置
7.1、系统配置
# 手工的执行如下的动作, 使之立刻生效，以下是物理机中会有，根据实际可能需要修改:
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
echo deadline > /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
echo "16" > /sys/block/sda/queue/read_ahead_kb
echo "512" > /sys/block/sda/queue/nr_requests
#减少预读：/sys/block/sda/queue/read_ahead_kb，默认 128，调整为 16
#增大队列：/sys/block/sda/queue/nr_requests，默认 128，调整为 512
echo "16" > /sys/block/sda/queue/read_ahead_kb
echo "512" > /sys/block/sda/queue/nr_requests
#如果是使用普通 SAS 盘的话, 使用 elevator=deadline
#如果是使用 SSD/FLASH 卡的话, 使用 elevator=noop
echo noop > /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
echo deadline > /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
#对于关闭透明大页的问题, 也执行如下的操作: 编辑 /etc/rc.local, 添加如下内容
cat >> /etc/rc.local <<EOF
#echo noop > /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
echo deadline > /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
echo "16" > /sys/block/sda/queue/read_ahead_kb
echo "512" > /sys/block/sda/queue/nr_requests
if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; then
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
fi
if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; then
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
fi
EOF
# 修改目录权限
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/
7.2、修改系统内核参数
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF
fs.file-max=655360
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
kernel.sem = 5050 646400 5050 128
kernel.shmmax = 137438953472
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
kernel.shmmni = 4096
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 16777216
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 10
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 32768
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
vm.swappiness=1
EOF
sysctl -p
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce 附录：新安装的虚拟机修改信息
1、修改主机名
yum -y install vim telnet unzip zip lrzsz
hostname IT_rio_dev_test
sed -i 's/HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain/HOSTNAME=IT_rio_dev_test/g' /etc/sysconfig/network
sed -n '/HOSTNAME/p' /etc/sysconfig/network2、关闭selinux
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 03、关闭防火墙
/etc/init.d/iptables stop
cat >>/etc/rc.local <<EOF
/etc/init.d/iptables stop
EOF4、修改网卡 ip 信息
cat >/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 <<EOF
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=eth0
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=172.16.210.111
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=172.16.210.250
EOF5、重启网卡服务
/etc/init.d/network restart6、修改dns
cat >/etc/resolv.conf <<EOF
nameserver 172.16.110.11
nameserver 8.8.8.8
EOF7、系统初始化配置
7.1、关闭SELINUX
# 修改配置文件, 重启服务后永久生效。sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
#命令行设置立即生效
setenforce 07.2、防火墙设置
cat >>/etc/rc.local <<EOF
/etc/init.d/iptables stop
EOF
cp /etc/sysconfig/iptables /root/iptables.bak
cat >/etc/sysconfig/iptables <<EOF
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT DROP [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 175.41.54.216/29 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 10050 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 175.41.54.216/29 -p udp -m udp --dport 161 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 58.71.118.56/29 -p udp -m udp --dport 161 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 116.93.118.104/29 -p udp -m udp --dport 161 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 58.71.118.56/29 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 58.71.118.56/29 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 10050 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 116.93.118.104/29 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 116.93.118.104/29 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 873 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 116.93.118.104/29 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 10050 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
EOF
/etc/init.d/iptables restart 7.3、安装基础依赖包
# yum -y install gcc-c++ gd libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel net-snmp-devel wget telnet vim zip unzip
# yum -y install curl-devel libxslt-devel pcre-devel libjpeg libpng libxml2 libcurl4-openssl-dev
# yum -y install libcurl-devel libcurl freetype-config freetype freetype-devel unixODBC libxslt
yum clean all
yum -y update
yum -y install gcc-c++ gd libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel net-snmp-devel wget telnet vim zip unzip
yum -y install curl-devel libxslt-devel pcre-devel libjpeg libpng libcurl4-openssl-dev
yum -y install libcurl-devel libcurl freetype-config freetype freetype-devel unixODBC libxslt
yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool openssl-devel
yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed
yum -y install cmake ncurses-devel.x86_64 openldap-devel.x86_64 lrzsz openssh-clients gcc-g77 bison
yum -y install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mhash mhash-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel
yum -y install ntpdate rsync svn patch iptables iptables-services
yum -y install libevent libevent-devel cyrus-sasl cyrus-sasl-devel
yum -y install gd-devel libmemcached-devel memcached git libssl-devel libyaml-devel auto make
yum -y groupinstall "Server Platform Development" "Development tools"
yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
yum -y install gcc.x86_64 libxml2.x86_64 libxml2-devel.x86_64 openssl.x86_64 openssl-devel.x86_64 libcurl.x86_64 libcurl-devel.x86_64
yum -y install gd.x86_64 gd-devel.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64 readline.x86_64 readline-devel.x86_647.4、时间同步
cat >/root/ntp.sh <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
# ntp.sh
#NTP 服务器数组列表
ntpServer=([0]=tw.pool.ntp.org
[1]=time.stdtime.gov.tw
[2]=asia.pool.ntp.org
[3]=10.30.0.5
)
#校验#
serverNum=`echo \${#ntpServer[*]}`
NUM=0
for ((i=0; i<=\$serverNum; i++)); do
echo -n "正在和 NTP 服务器:\${ntpServer[\$NUM]}校验中..."
/usr/sbin/ntpdate \${ntpServer[\$NUM]} >> /dev/null 2>&1
if [\$? -eq 0 ]; then
echo -e "\e[1;32m\t[成功]\e[0m"
echo -e "\e[1;32m 同步成功, 退出......\e[0m"
break
else
echo -e "\e[1;31m\t[失败]\e[0m"
echo -e "\e[1;31m 继续同步下一个!!!!!\e[0m"
let NUM++
fi
sleep 2
done
EOF
chmod +x /root/ntp.sh
sh /root/ntp.sh
cat >>/etc/crontab <<EOF
01 * * * * /root/ntp.sh
#0 0 */5 * * /bin/bash /root/cutlog.sh
EOF本文永久更新链接地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-12/149495.htm
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