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一份 MySQL5.6.x 基于 GTID 主从复制配置实例，希望对你所有用，谢谢。
本文环境:
主库：CentOS6.7 x64 192.168.0.65 mysql-5.6.29
备库：CentOS6.7 x64 192.168.0.66 mysql-5.6.29
一、配置 Mysql5.6 GTID 主从（本节配置适合主从都是空库的情况）
1. mysql 主服务器配置
说明: 基于 GTID 的主从复制需要在配置文件中添加如下内容。
# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
binlog-format = ROW
log-bin = master-bin
log-bin-index = master-bin.index
log-slave-updates = true
gtid-mode = on
enforce-gtid-consistency = true
master-info-repository = TABLE
relay-log-info-repository = TABLE
sync-master-info = 1
slave-parallel-workers = 2
binlog-checksum = CRC32
master-verify-checksum = 1
slave-sql-verify-checksum = 1
binlog-rows-query-log_events = 1
report-host = 192.168.1.120
server-id = 1
重启数据库:
# service mysqld restart
查看 gtid 信息:
mysql> show global variables like ‘%GTID%’;
+———————————+—————————————-+
| Variable_name | Value |
+———————————+—————————————-+
| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery | OFF |
| enforce_gtid_consistency | ON |
| gtid_executed | |
| gtid_mode | ON |
| gtid_owned | |
| gtid_purged | |
| simplified_binlog_gtid_recovery | OFF |
+———————————+—————————————-+
2. 主服务器配置同步复制帐号
grant replication slave on *.* to ‘repl’@’%’ identified by ‘123456’;
flush privileges;
3. mysql 从服务器配置
说明: 默认只要 server-id 不相同即可。
# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
binlog-format = ROW
log-bin = mysql-bin
relay-log = slave-relay-bin
relay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.index
log-slave-updates = true
gtid-mode = on
enforce-gtid-consistency = true
master-info-repository = TABLE
relay-log-info-repository = TABLE
sync-master-info = 1
slave-parallel-workers = 2
binlog-checksum = CRC32
master-verify-checksum = 1
slave-sql-verify-checksum = 1
binlog-rows-query-log_events = 1
report-host = 192.168.1.121
server-id = 11
重启数据库:
# service mysqld restart
查看 gtid 状态:
mysql> show global variables like ‘%GTID%’;
+———————————+—————————————-+
| Variable_name | Value |
+———————————+—————————————-+
| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery | OFF |
| enforce_gtid_consistency | ON |
| gtid_executed | |
| gtid_mode | ON |
| gtid_owned | |
| gtid_purged | |
| simplified_binlog_gtid_recovery | OFF |
+———————————+—————————————-+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
4. 连接主 Mysql, 配置主从
(1) 连接主数据库
mysql>
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST=’192.168.0.65′,
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_USER=’repl’,
MASTER_PASSWORD=’123456′,
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
(2) 启动从同步进程
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.65
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-bin.000007
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 290
Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 502
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000007
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: mysql.%
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 290
Relay_Log_Space: 706
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: c8bb22a1-024e-11e6-a1e8-000c29225fa0
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql>
# 查看如下两个参数为 YES，说明从库运行正常。
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
5. 验证同步情况
(1) 主数据库创建一个数据库
mysql> create database abc;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> show master status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: master-bin.000007
Position: 290
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set: c8bb22a1-024e-11e6-a1e8-000c29225fa0:1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql>
(2) 从数据库查看同步情况
mysql> show databases;
+——————–+
| Database |
+——————–+
| information_schema |
| abc |
| mydb |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+——————–+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.65
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-bin.000007
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 290
Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 502
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000007
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: mysql.%
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 290
Relay_Log_Space: 706
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: c8bb22a1-024e-11e6-a1e8-000c29225fa0
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: c8bb22a1-024e-11e6-a1e8-000c29225fa0:1
Executed_Gtid_Set: c8bb22a1-024e-11e6-a1e8-000c29225fa0:1
Auto_Position: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql>
二、配置 MySQL5.6 GTID 主从（主从异步模式转成 GTID 模式）方式二
MySQL5.6 主从同步配置案例 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-04/130729.htm
原环境本身已经是异步主从同步模式。
1，从主库添加如上 GTID 相关配置文件，重启数据库后，主库锁表，备份数据库。
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
2，从库操重新配置从库，清除掉原来的主库配置信息, 或者采用导入数据库。
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> reset slave;
3，在保证数据同步的情况下从库重新连接主库同步。
mysql>
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST=’192.168.0.65′,
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_USER=’repl’,
MASTER_PASSWORD=’123456′,
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
4，主库
mysql> unlock tables;
5，从库启动并测试同步情况
三、小结
可以在 GTID 的基础上配置半自动同步复制, 可以查看相关文档，实际环境中需要对 GTID 相当了解后再用于生产环境。
实现两个 MySQL 数据库之间的主从同步 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-02/128100.htm
Linux 环境中 MySQL 主从同步 – 添加新的从库 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-08/122448.htm
通过 XtraBackup 实现不停机不锁表搭建 MySQL 主从同步 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-08/121806.htm
MySQL 主从同步配置记录 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-07/119939.htm
Linux 下 MySQL 数据库主从同步配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-03/129138.htm
本文永久更新链接地址 ：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-04/130730.htm
