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MySQL binlog 记录的所有操作实际上都有对应的事件类型的，譬如 STATEMENT 格式中的 DML 操作对应的是 QUERY_EVENT 类型，ROW 格式下的 DML 操作对应的是 ROWS_EVENT 类型。
首先，看看源码中定义的事件类型
源码位置：mysql-5.7.14/libbinlogevents/include/binlog_event.h
enum Log_event_type
{/**
Every time you update this enum (when you add a type), you have to
fix Format_description_event::Format_description_event().
*/
UNKNOWN_EVENT= 0,
START_EVENT_V3= 1,
QUERY_EVENT= 2,
STOP_EVENT= 3,
ROTATE_EVENT= 4,
INTVAR_EVENT= 5,
LOAD_EVENT= 6,
SLAVE_EVENT= 7,
CREATE_FILE_EVENT= 8,
APPEND_BLOCK_EVENT= 9,
EXEC_LOAD_EVENT= 10,
DELETE_FILE_EVENT= 11,
/**
NEW_LOAD_EVENT is like LOAD_EVENT except that it has a longer
sql_ex, allowing multibyte TERMINATED BY etc; both types share the
same class (Load_event)
*/
NEW_LOAD_EVENT= 12,
RAND_EVENT= 13,
USER_VAR_EVENT= 14,
FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT= 15,
XID_EVENT= 16,
BEGIN_LOAD_QUERY_EVENT= 17,
EXECUTE_LOAD_QUERY_EVENT= 18,
TABLE_MAP_EVENT = 19,
/**
The PRE_GA event numbers were used for 5.1.0 to 5.1.15 and are
therefore obsolete.
*/
PRE_GA_WRITE_ROWS_EVENT = 20,
PRE_GA_UPDATE_ROWS_EVENT = 21,
PRE_GA_DELETE_ROWS_EVENT = 22,
/**
The V1 event numbers are used from 5.1.16 until mysql-trunk-xx
*/
WRITE_ROWS_EVENT_V1 = 23,
UPDATE_ROWS_EVENT_V1 = 24,
DELETE_ROWS_EVENT_V1 = 25,
/**
Something out of the ordinary happened on the master
*/
INCIDENT_EVENT= 26,
/**
Heartbeat event to be send by master at its idle time
to ensure master's online status to slave
*/
HEARTBEAT_LOG_EVENT= 27,
/**
In some situations, it is necessary to send over ignorable
data to the slave: data that a slave can handle in case there
is code for handling it, but which can be ignored if it is not
recognized.
*/
IGNORABLE_LOG_EVENT= 28,
ROWS_QUERY_LOG_EVENT= 29,
/** Version 2 of the Row events */
WRITE_ROWS_EVENT = 30,
UPDATE_ROWS_EVENT = 31,
DELETE_ROWS_EVENT = 32,
GTID_LOG_EVENT= 33,
ANONYMOUS_GTID_LOG_EVENT= 34,
PREVIOUS_GTIDS_LOG_EVENT= 35,
TRANSACTION_CONTEXT_EVENT= 36,
VIEW_CHANGE_EVENT= 37,
/* Prepared XA transaction terminal event similar to Xid */
XA_PREPARE_LOG_EVENT= 38,
/**
Add new events here - right above this comment!
Existing events (except ENUM_END_EVENT) should never change their numbers
*/
ENUM_END_EVENT /* end marker */
};实际上还是蛮多的，下面就挑几个重点的说一下
QUERY_EVENT
QUERY_EVENT 以文本的形式来记录事务的操作。
QUERY_EVENT 类型的事件通常在以下几种情况下使用：
1. 事务开始时，执行的 BEGIN 操作。
2. STATEMENT 格式中的 DML 操作
3. ROW 格式中的 DDL 操作
譬如：
mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000021';
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000021 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 120 | Server ver: 5.6.31-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql-bin.000021 | 120 | Query | 1 | 195 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000021 | 195 | Query | 1 | 298 | insert into test.t1 values(1,'a') |
| mysql-bin.000021 | 298 | Xid | 1 | 329 | COMMIT /* xid=25 */ |
| mysql-bin.000021 | 329 | Query | 1 | 408 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000021 | 408 | Query | 1 | 515 | use `test`; insert into test.t1 values(2,'b') |
| mysql-bin.000021 | 515 | Xid | 1 | 546 | COMMIT /* xid=33 */ |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------+FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT
FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT 是 binlog version 4 中为了取代之前版本中的 START_EVENT_V3 事件而引入的。它是 binlog 文件中的第一个事件，而且，该事件只会在 binlog 中出现一次。MySQL 根据 FORMAT_DESCRIPTION_EVENT 的定义来解析其它事件。
它通常指定了 MySQL Server 的版本，binlog 的版本，该 binlog 文件的创建时间。
譬如：
# at 4
#160817 11:00:10 server id 1 end_log_pos 120 CRC32 0x03010da1 Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.31-log created 160817 11:00:10
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000021';
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000021 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 120 | Server ver: 5.6.31-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
...
ROWS_EVENT
对于 ROW 格式的 binlog，所有的 DML 语句都是记录在 ROWS_EVENT 中。
ROWS_EVENT 分为三种：WRITE_ROWS_EVENT，UPDATE_ROWS_EVENT，DELETE_ROWS_EVENT，分别对应 insert，update 和 delete 操作。
对于 insert 操作，WRITE_ROWS_EVENT 包含了要插入的数据
对于 update 操作，UPDATE_ROWS_EVENT 不仅包含了修改后的数据，还包含了修改前的值。
对于 delete 操作，仅仅需要指定删除的主键（在没有主键的情况下，会给定所有列）
对于 QUERY_EVENT 事件，是以文本形式记录 DML 操作的。而对于 ROWS_EVENT 事件，并不是文本形式，所以在通过 mysqlbinlog 查看基于 ROW 格式的 binlog 时，需要指定 -vv –base64-output=decode-rows。
譬如：
mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000027';
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000027 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 120 | Server ver: 5.6.31-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql-bin.000027 | 120 | Query | 1 | 188 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000027 | 188 | Table_map | 1 | 236 | table_id: 80 (test.t1) |
| mysql-bin.000027 | 236 | Write_rows | 1 | 278 | table_id: 80 flags: STMT_END_F |
| mysql-bin.000027 | 278 | Xid | 1 | 309 | COMMIT /* xid=198 */ |
| mysql-bin.000027 | 309 | Query | 1 | 377 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000027 | 377 | Table_map | 1 | 425 | table_id: 80 (test.t1) |
| mysql-bin.000027 | 425 | Update_rows | 1 | 475 | table_id: 80 flags: STMT_END_F |
| mysql-bin.000027 | 475 | Xid | 1 | 506 | COMMIT /* xid=199 */ |
| mysql-bin.000027 | 506 | Query | 1 | 574 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000027 | 574 | Table_map | 1 | 622 | table_id: 80 (test.t1) |
| mysql-bin.000027 | 622 | Delete_rows | 1 | 664 | table_id: 80 flags: STMT_END_F |
| mysql-bin.000027 | 664 | Xid | 1 | 695 | COMMIT /* xid=200 */ |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
13 rows in set (0.00 sec) XID_EVENT
在事务提交时，不管是 STATEMENT 还是 ROW 格式的 binlog，都会在末尾添加一个 XID_EVENT 事件代表事务的结束。该事件记录了该事务的 ID，在 MySQL 进行崩溃恢复时，根据事务在 binlog 中的提交情况来决定是否提交存储引擎中状态为 prepared 的事务。
ROTATE_EVENT
当 binlog 文件的大小达到 max_binlog_size 的值或者执行 flush logs 命令时，binlog 会发生切换，这个时候会在当前的 binlog 日志添加一个 ROTATE_EVENT 事件，用于指定下一个日志的名称和位置。
mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000028';
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000028 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 120 | Server ver: 5.6.31-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql-bin.000028 | 120 | Rotate | 1 | 167 | mysql-bin.000029;pos=4 |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)# at 120
#160817 12:34:26 server id 1 end_log_pos 167 CRC32 0xd965567c Rotate to mysql-bin.000029 pos: 4
GTID_LOG_EVENT
在启用 GTID 模式后，MySQL 实际上为每个事务都分配了个 GTID
譬如：
# at 448
#160818 5:37:32 server id 1 end_log_pos 496 CRC32 0xaeb24aac GTID [commit=yes]
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'cad449f2-5d4f-11e6-b353-000c29c64704:3'/*!*/;
# at 496
#160818 5:37:32 server id 1 end_log_pos 571 CRC32 0x042ca092 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1471469852/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 571
#160818 5:37:32 server id 1 end_log_pos 674 CRC32 0xa35beb37 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1471469852/*!*/;
insert into test.t1 values(2,'b')
/*!*/;
# at 674
#160818 5:37:32 server id 1 end_log_pos 705 CRC32 0x1905d8c6 Xid = 12
COMMIT/*!*/;mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000033';
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000033 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 120 | Server ver: 5.6.31-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 120 | Previous_gtids | 1 | 191 | cad449f2-5d4f-11e6-b353-000c29c64704:1 |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 191 | Gtid | 1 | 239 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'cad449f2-5d4f-11e6-b353-000c29c64704:2' |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 239 | Query | 1 | 314 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 314 | Query | 1 | 417 | insert into test.t1 values(1,'a') |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 417 | Xid | 1 | 448 | COMMIT /* xid=11 */ |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 448 | Gtid | 1 | 496 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'cad449f2-5d4f-11e6-b353-000c29c64704:3' |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 496 | Query | 1 | 571 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 571 | Query | 1 | 674 | insert into test.t1 values(2,'b') |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 674 | Xid | 1 | 705 | COMMIT /* xid=12 */ |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 705 | Rotate | 1 | 752 | mysql-bin.000034;pos=4 |
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec) PREVIOUS_GTIDS_LOG_EVENT
开启 GTID 模式后，每个 binlog 开头都会有一个 PREVIOUS_GTIDS_LOG_EVENT 事件，它的值是上一个 binlog 的 PREVIOUS_GTIDS_LOG_EVENT+GTID_LOG_EVENT，实际上，在数据库重启的时候，需要重新填充 gtid_executed 的值，该值即是最新一个 binlog 的 PREVIOUS_GTIDS_LOG_EVENT+GTID_LOG_EVENT。
譬如：
mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000033';
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000033 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 120 | Server ver: 5.6.31-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 120 | Previous_gtids | 1 | 191 | cad449f2-5d4f-11e6-b353-000c29c64704:1 |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 191 | Gtid | 1 | 239 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'cad449f2-5d4f-11e6-b353-000c29c64704:2' |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 239 | Query | 1 | 314 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 314 | Query | 1 | 417 | insert into test.t1 values(1,'a') |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 417 | Xid | 1 | 448 | COMMIT /* xid=11 */ |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 448 | Gtid | 1 | 496 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'cad449f2-5d4f-11e6-b353-000c29c64704:3' |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 496 | Query | 1 | 571 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 571 | Query | 1 | 674 | insert into test.t1 values(2,'b') |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 674 | Xid | 1 | 705 | COMMIT /* xid=12 */ |
| mysql-bin.000033 | 705 | Rotate | 1 | 752 | mysql-bin.000034;pos=4 |
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000034';
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000034 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 120 | Server ver: 5.6.31-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql-bin.000034 | 120 | Previous_gtids | 1 | 191 | cad449f2-5d4f-11e6-b353-000c29c64704:1-3 |
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql-bin.000033 日志中的 Previous_gtids 是 cad449f2-5d4f-11e6-b353-000c29c64704:1，GTID 是 cad449f2-5d4f-11e6-b353-000c29c64704:2 和 cad449f2-5d4f-11e6-b353-000c29c64704:3，这样，在下一个日志，即 mysql-bin.000034 中的 Previous_gtids 是 cad449f2-5d4f-11e6-b353-000c29c64704:1-3。
# at 120
#160818 5:39:38 server id 1 end_log_pos 191 CRC32 0x4e84f3b5 Previous-GTIDs
# cad449f2-5d4f-11e6-b353-000c29c64704:1-3STOP_EVENT
当 MySQL 数据库停止时，会在当前的 binlog 末尾添加一个 STOP_EVENT 事件表示数据库停止。
譬如：
mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000030';
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000030 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 120 | Server ver: 5.6.31-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql-bin.000030 | 120 | Stop | 1 | 143 | |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.04 sec)# at 120
#160818 5:18:04 server id 1 end_log_pos 143 CRC32 0xf20ddc85 Stop本文永久更新链接地址 ：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-08/134392.htm
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