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MySQL5.7 在线开启 / 关闭 GTID
环境介绍
Part1: 写在最前
截止本文撰写当日,MySQL5.7.16 是官网的最新稳定版,本文将用 MySQL5.7.16 来进行演示。从 MySQL5.6 开始,支持了 GTID 复制模式,这种模式其实是把双刃剑,虽然容易搭建主从复制了,但使用不当,就容易出现一些错误,例如 error 1236。在 MySQL5.6 如果开启 GTID 模式,需要在 my.cnf 中加入以下几个参数:
①log-bin=mysql-bin
②binlog_format=row
③log_slave_updates=1
④gtid_mode=ON
⑤enforce_gtid_consistency=ON
Warning: 警告这里的一些参数不是动态参数,也就是需要重启 mysql 才能生效。
Part2: 环境
[root@HE1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select version();
+————+
| version() |
+————+
| 5.7.16-log |
+————+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show global variables like ‘log_slave%’;
+——————-+——-+
| Variable_name | Value |
+——————-+——-+
| log_slave_updates | OFF |
+——————-+——-+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MySQL5.6 开启 GTID 需要开启 log_slave_updates 参数,否则启动报错,而 5.7 不在需要开启该参数。
实战
Part1: 搭建传统复制模式
本文环境 HE1 为从,HE3 为主库
[root@HE1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.250
Master_User: mysync
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1694
Relay_Log_File: HE1-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1694
Relay_Log_Space: 525
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1250
Master_UUID: 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d
Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Part2: 传统复制模式切换为 GTID
①主库从库都需执行以下命令
mysql> set global gtid_mode=’OFF_PERMISSIVE’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> set global gtid_mode=’ON_PERMISSIVE’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=ON;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global gtid_mode=’ON’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
②主库插数从库执行
mysql> show master status;
+——————+———-+————–+——————+—————————————-+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+——————+———-+————–+——————+—————————————-+
| mysql-bin.000005 | 154 | | | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1 |
+——————+———-+————–+——————+—————————————-+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
可以看到 gtid_set 下面有数了,这说明已经开启了 gtid 模式
Part3:GTID 变更为传统模式
mysql> stop slave;—– 从库执行
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global gtid_mode=’ON_PERMISSIVE’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global gtid_mode=’OFF_PERMISSIVE’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> set global gtid_mode=’OFF’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like ‘%gtid%’;
+———————————-+—————————————-+
| Variable_name | Value |
+———————————-+—————————————-+
| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery | ON |
| enforce_gtid_consistency | ON |
| gtid_executed_compression_period | 1000 |
| gtid_mode | OFF |
| gtid_next | AUTOMATIC |
| gtid_owned | |
| gtid_purged | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1 |
| session_track_gtids | OFF |
+———————————-+—————————————-+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
可以看到这里 GTID 模式已经关了,下面再次开启 GTID 模式来观察 id 的变化
mysql> set global gtid_mode=’OFF_PERMISSIVE’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> set global gtid_mode=’ON_PERMISSIVE’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=ON;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global gtid_mode=’ON’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> show variables like ‘%gtid%’;
+———————————-+—————————————-+
| Variable_name | Value |
+———————————-+—————————————-+
| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery | ON |
| enforce_gtid_consistency | ON |
| gtid_executed_compression_period | 1000 |
| gtid_mode | ON |
| gtid_next | AUTOMATIC |
| gtid_owned | |
| gtid_purged | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1 |
| session_track_gtids | OFF |
+———————————-+—————————————-+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
主库做操作,从库执行如下命令会看到 gtid_set 的值在变化
mysql> show master status;
+——————+———-+————–+——————+——————————————+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+——————+———-+————–+——————+——————————————+
| mysql-bin.000011 | 154 | | | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1-2 |
+——————+———-+————–+——————+——————————————+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+——————+———-+————–+——————+——————————————+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+——————+———-+————–+——————+——————————————+
| mysql-bin.000011 | 154 | | | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1-3 |
+——————+———-+————–+——————+——————————————+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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