共计 2042 个字符，预计需要花费 6 分钟才能阅读完成。
MySQL ERROR 1878 报错解决办法
错误重现
Part1: 大表修改字段
mysql> ALTER TABLE `erp`
-> ADD COLUMN `eas_status` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 ‘ AFTER `totalprice`;
ERROR 1878 (HY000): Temporary file write failure.
mysql> \q
这里可以看到，添加字段的时候爆出了 1878 错误。
Part2: 排错过程
先看数据库的 error 日志
2016-10-27 10:19:22 7f5dca1bf700 InnoDB: Error: Write to file (merge) failed at offset 258998272.
InnoDB: 1048576 bytes should have been written, only 651264 were written.
InnoDB: Operating system error number 0.
InnoDB: Check that your OS and file system support files of this size.
InnoDB: Check also that the disk is not full or a disk quota exceeded.
InnoDB: Error number 0 means ‘Success’.
InnoDB: Some operating system error numbers are described at
InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/operating-system-error-codes.html
2016-10-27 10:35:34 7f5dcb42f700 InnoDB: Error: Write to file (merge) failed at offset 88080384.
InnoDB: 1048576 bytes should have been written, only 782336 were written.
InnoDB: Operating system error number 0.
InnoDB: Check that your OS and file system support files of this size.
InnoDB: Check also that the disk is not full or a disk quota exceeded.
InnoDB: Error number 0 means ‘Success’.
InnoDB: Some operating system error numbers are described at
InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/operating-system-error-codes.html
2016-10-27 10:37:02 7f5dd0076700 InnoDB: Error: Write to file (merge) failed at offset 88080384.
InnoDB: 1048576 bytes should have been written, only 770048 were written.
InnoDB: Operating system error number 0.
InnoDB: Check that your OS and file system support files of this size.
InnoDB: Check also that the disk is not full or a disk quota exceeded.
InnoDB: Error number 0 means ‘Success’.
InnoDB: Some operating system error numbers are described at
InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/operating-system-error-codes.html
查看错误日志可以看到磁盘空间不足
Part3: 验证
[root@dev1 helei]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
45G 43G 160M 100% /
tmpfs 7.9G 1.2M 7.9G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 90M 358M 21% /boot
可以看到磁盘空间不够了，需要释放磁盘空间，
——总结——
原因是 mysql 的 tmpdir 分区的剩余空间大小没有 erp 大。mysql 在 alter table 时需要的临时空间要比该表才行。由于笔者的水平有限，编写时间也很仓促，文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方，不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。
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