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问题现象：
安装 Oracle 服务端后，sqlplus 命令以下错误。
| oracle@linux:~/opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/bin> sqlplus / as sysdba | |
| sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: libsqlplus.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory |
1. 检查 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 这个环境变量，还是不行。
| oracle:echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | |
| /lib:/usr/lib | |
| 修改为实际的：/opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/rdbms/lib |
2. 检查用户的组也没问题。
| oracle@linux:~> id | |
| uid=1048(oracle) gid=120(oinstall) groups=120(oinstall),121(dba) |
进入到 sqlplus 脚本路径下直接执行
| oracle@linux:/opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/bin> ./sqlplus | |
| ./sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: libsqlplus.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory |
3. 排查依赖的库是否有问题
| oracle@linux:/opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/bin> ldd /opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/bin/sqlplus | |
| linux-gate.so.1 => (0xffffe000) | |
| libsqlplus.so => not found | |
| libclntsh.so.11.1 => not found | |
| libnnz11.so => not found | |
| libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x555a8000) | |
| libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0x555ae000) | |
| libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0x555d6000) | |
| libnsl.so.1 => /lib/libnsl.so.1 (0x555f1000) | |
| libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x5560a000) | |
| /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x55555000) |
可以看到 libsqlplus.so => not found
解决方案：依赖的动态库不存在，重新 relink。
| oracle@linux:/opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/bin> relink all | |
| writing relink log to: /opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/install/relink.log | |
| oracle@linux:/opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/bin> sqlplus | |
| SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Apr 15 04:57:09 2014 | |
| Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved. | |
| Enter user-name: ^C | |
| oracle@linux:/opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/bin> ldd /opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/bin/sqlplus | |
| linux-gate.so.1 => (0xffffe000) | |
| libsqlplus.so => /opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/lib/libsqlplus.so (0x55577000) | |
| libclntsh.so.11.1 => /opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1 (0x55627000) | |
| libnnz11.so => /opt/oracle/product/11gR2/db/lib/libnnz11.so (0x57648000) | |
| libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x578cc000) | |
| libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0x578d2000) | |
| libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0x578fa000) | |
| libnsl.so.1 => /lib/libnsl.so.1 (0x57915000) | |
| libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x5792e000) | |
| libaio.so.1 => /lib/libaio.so.1 (0x57a8f000) | |
| /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x55555000) |
sqlplus 依赖的库文件恢复正常，sqlplus 可以使用。
更多 Oracle 相关信息见 Oracle 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=12
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