CentOS 6.9安装MySQL 5.1.73

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分享在 CentOS 6.9 环境中安装 MySQL 5.1.73 数据库，希望对大家有所帮助。

1、确认 mysql 是否已安装，有下面的代码可知

[root@cdh1 linuxidc]# yum list installed mysql*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh–packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Installed Packages
MySQL-Python.x86_64 1.2.3–0.3.c1.1.el6 @base
mysql-libs.x86_64 5.1.73–8.el6_8 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9

2、卸载已安装的 mysql，建议使用 yum 命令，因为 yum 命令可以自动删除与 mysql 相关的依赖；如果使用 rpm 命令，则还需要手动去删除和 mysql 相关的文件，比较麻烦

[root@cdh1 linuxidc]# yum remove MySQL-python.x86_64 mysql-libs.x86_64
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh–packagekit, security
Setting up Remove Process
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package MySQL-python.x86_64 0:1.2.3–0.3.c1.1.el6 will be erased
–> Processing Dependency: MySQL-python for package: cloudera-manager-agent-5.11.1–1.cm5111.p0.9.el6.x86_64
—> Package mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73–8.el6_8 will be erased
–> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6–8.el6.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6–8.el6.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: mysql-libs for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6–8.el6.x86_64
–> Running transaction check
—> Package cloudera-manager-agent.x86_64 0:5.11.1–1.cm5111.p0.9.el6 will be erased
—> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.6.6–8.el6 will be erased
–> Processing Dependency: /usr/sbin/sendmail for package: RedHat-lsb-core-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: /usr/sbin/sendmail for package: cronie-1.4.4–16.el6_8.2.x86_64
–> Running transaction check
—> Package cronie.x86_64 0:1.4.4–16.el6_8.2 will be erased
–> Processing Dependency: cronie = 1.4.4–16.el6_8.2 for package: cronie-anacron-1.4.4–16.el6_8.2.x86_64
—> Package redhat-lsb-core.x86_64 0:4.0–7.el6.centos will be erased
–> Processing Dependency: redhat-lsb-core(x86-64) = 4.0 for package: redhat-lsb-printing-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: redhat-lsb-core(x86-64) = 4.0–7.el6.centos for package: redhat-lsb-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: redhat-lsb-core(x86-64) = 4.0 for package: redhat-lsb-graphics-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64
–> Running transaction check
—> Package cronie-anacron.x86_64 0:1.4.4–16.el6_8.2 will be erased
—> Package redhat-lsb.x86_64 0:4.0–7.el6.centos will be erased
–> Processing Dependency: redhat-lsb(x86-64) = 4.0–7.el6.centos for package: redhat-lsb-compat-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64
—> Package redhat-lsb-graphics.x86_64 0:4.0–7.el6.centos will be erased
—> Package redhat-lsb-printing.x86_64 0:4.0–7.el6.centos will be erased
–> Running transaction check
—> Package redhat-lsb-compat.x86_64 0:4.0–7.el6.centos will be erased
–> Processing Dependency: /etc/cron.d for package: crontabs-1.10–33.el6.noarch
–> Processing Dependency: /etc/cron.d for package: sysstat-9.0.4–33.el6.x86_64
–> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
–> Running transaction check
—> Package crontabs.noarch 0:1.10–33.el6 will be erased
—> Package sysstat.x86_64 0:9.0.4–33.el6 will be erased
–> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

====================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository
Size
====================================================================
Removing:
MySQL-python x86_64 1.2.3–0.3.c1.1.el6 @base 246 k
mysql-libs x86_64 5.1.73–8.el6_8 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
4.0 M
Removingfor dependencies:
cloudera-manager-agent x86_64 5.11.1–1.cm5111.p0.9.el6 @/cloudera-manager-agent-5.11.1–1.cm5111.p0.9.el6.x86_64
71 M
cronie x86_641.4.4–16.el6_8.2 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
174 k
cronie-anacron x86_64 1.4.4–16.el6_8.2 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
43 k
crontabs noarch1.10–33.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
2.4 k
postfix x86_642:2.6.6–8.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
9.7 M
redhat-lsb x86_64 4.0–7.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
0.0
redhat-lsb-compat x86_64 4.0–7.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
0.0
redhat-lsb-core x86_64 4.0–7.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
22 k
redhat-lsb-graphics x86_64 4.0–7.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
0.0
redhat-lsb-printing x86_64 4.0–7.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
0.0
sysstat x86_649.0.4–33.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_64/6.9
826 k

Transaction Summary
====================================================================
Remove 13 Package(s)

Installed size:86 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside ofyum.
Erasing : redhat-lsb-compat-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64 1/13
Erasing : redhat-lsb-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64 2/13
Erasing : cloudera-manager-agent-5.11.1–1.cm5111.p0.9. 3/13
warning:/etc/cloudera-scm-agent/config.ini saved as /etc/cloudera-scm-agent/config.ini.rpmsave
Erasing : redhat-lsb-graphics-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64 4/13
Erasing : redhat-lsb-printing-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64 5/13
Erasing : redhat-lsb-core-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64 6/13
/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.jLbJUk: line 1: lsb_release: command not found
Erasing : MySQL-python-1.2.3–0.3.c1.1.el6.x86_64 7/13
Erasing : sysstat–9.0.4–33.el6.x86_64 8/13
Erasing : crontabs–1.10–33.el6.noarch 9/13
Erasing : cronie-anacron-1.4.4–16.el6_8.2.x86_64 10/13
Erasing : cronie–1.4.4–16.el6_8.2.x86_64 11/13
Erasing :2:postfix-2.6.6–8.el6.x86_64 12/13
Erasing : mysql-libs-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64 13/13
Verifying : redhat-lsb-printing-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64 1/13
Verifying : cronie-anacron-1.4.4–16.el6_8.2.x86_64 2/13
Verifying : cronie–1.4.4–16.el6_8.2.x86_64 3/13
Verifying :2:postfix-2.6.6–8.el6.x86_64 4/13
Verifying : redhat-lsb-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64 5/13
Verifying : redhat-lsb-core-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64 6/13
Verifying : cloudera-manager-agent-5.11.1–1.cm5111.p0.9. 7/13
Verifying : crontabs–1.10–33.el6.noarch 8/13
Verifying : redhat-lsb-compat-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64 9/13
Verifying : MySQL-python-1.2.3–0.3.c1.1.el6.x86_64 10/13
Verifying : redhat-lsb-graphics-4.0–7.el6.centos.x86_64 11/13
Verifying : sysstat–9.0.4–33.el6.x86_64 12/13
Verifying : mysql-libs-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64 13/13

Removed:
MySQL-python.x86_64 0:1.2.3–0.3.c1.1.el6
mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73–8.el6_8

Dependency Removed:
cloudera-manager-agent.x86_64 0:5.11.1–1.cm5111.p0.9.el6
cronie.x86_640:1.4.4–16.el6_8.2
cronie-anacron.x86_64 0:1.4.4–16.el6_8.2
crontabs.noarch0:1.10–33.el6
postfix.x86_642:2.6.6–8.el6
redhat-lsb.x86_64 0:4.0–7.el6.centos
redhat-lsb-compat.x86_64 0:4.0–7.el6.centos
redhat-lsb-core.x86_64 0:4.0–7.el6.centos
redhat-lsb-graphics.x86_64 0:4.0–7.el6.centos
redhat-lsb-printing.x86_64 0:4.0–7.el6.centos
sysstat.x86_640:9.0.4–33.el6

Complete!

3、用 whereis 命令查找 mysql 相关的文件，因为步骤 2 用 yum 来卸载，所以 mysql 被清理得很干净；如果使用 rpm 将会很麻烦，有很多的文件需要手动清除

 [root@cdh1 linuxidc]# whereis mysql
mysql:

4、查看系统中的 mysql 安装包

[root@cdh1 linuxidc]# yum list mysql*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh–packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Available Packages
MySQL-python.x86_64 1.2.3–0.3.c1.1.el6 base
mysql.x86_64 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base
mysql-bench.x86_64 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base
mysql-connector-Java.noarch 1:5.1.17–6.el6 base
mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64 5.1.5r1144-7.el6 base
mysql-devel.i686 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base
mysql-devel.x86_64 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base
mysql-embedded.i686 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base
mysql-embedded.x86_64 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base
mysql-embedded-devel.i686 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base
mysql-embedded-devel.x86_64 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base
mysql-libs.i686 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base
mysql-libs.x86_64 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base
mysql-server.x86_64 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base
mysql-test.x86_64 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base

5、选择 mysql-server 来安装

[root@cdh1 linuxidc]# yum install mysql-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh–packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.73–8.el6_8 will be installed
–> Processing Dependency: mysql = 5.1.73–8.el6_8 for package: mysql-server-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: perl-DBI for package: mysql-server-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: mysql-server-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.16()(64bit) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64
–> Running transaction check
—> Package mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.73–8.el6_8 will be installed
—> Package mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73–8.el6_8 will be installed
—> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013–3.el6 will be installed
—> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.609–4.el6 will be installed
–> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-server x86_64 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base 8.6 M
Installingfor dependencies:
mysql x86_64 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base 895 k
mysql-libs x86_64 5.1.73–8.el6_8 base 1.2 M
perl-DBD-MySQL x86_64 4.013–3.el6 base 134 k
perl-DBI x86_64 1.609–4.el6 base 705 k

Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 5 Package(s)

Total download size:12 M
Installed size:33 M
Is this ok [y/N]:

6、选择 y 继续安装

Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/5): mysql-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm | 895 kB 00:00
(2/5): mysql-libs-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm | 1.2 MB 00:00
(3/5): mysql-server-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm | 8.6 MB 00:02
(4/5): perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013–3.el6.x86_64.rpm | 134 kB 00:00
(5/5): perl-DBI-1.609–4.el6.x86_64.rpm | 705 kB 00:00
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————–
Total 2.2 MB/s | 12 MB 00:05
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : mysql-libs-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64 1/5
Installing :perl-DBI-1.609–4.el6.x86_64 2/5
Installing :perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013–3.el6.x86_64 3/5
Installing : mysql–5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64 4/5
Installing : mysql-server-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64 5/5
Verifying :perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013–3.el6.x86_64 1/5
Verifying : mysql-libs-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64 2/5
Verifying : mysql-server-5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64 3/5
Verifying : mysql–5.1.73–8.el6_8.x86_64 4/5
Verifying :perl-DBI-1.609–4.el6.x86_64 5/5

Installed:
mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.73–8.el6_8 Dependency Installed: mysql.x86_640:5.1.73–8.el6_8 mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73–8.el6_8 perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013–3.el6 perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.609–4.el6

Complete!

7、启动 mysql 服务

[root@cdh1 linuxidc]# service mysqld start
Initializing MySQL database: Installing MySQL system tables…
OK
Filling help tables…
OK

To start mysqld at boottime you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER!
Todo so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password‘
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h cdh1.linuxidc.com password ‘new-password‘

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommendedfor production servers.

See the manualfor more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd/usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd/usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the/usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

[OK]
Starting mysqld: [OK]

8、连接一下试一下，直接 mysql 然后 \q 关闭连接

[root@cdh1 linuxidc]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connectionid is 2
Server version:5.1.73 Source distribution

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> \q
Bye

9、设置 mysql 开机启动

[root@cdh1 linuxidc]# chkconfig mysqld on

10、开启 3306 端口，并保存

 [root@cdh1 linuxidc]# /sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
[root@cdh1 linuxidc]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save

11、连接 mysql 设置密码

[root@cdh1 linuxidc]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connectionid is 3
Server version:5.1.73 Source distribution

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table informationfor completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with–A

Database changed
mysql> update user set password=password(‘123‘) where user=‘root‘;
Query OK,3 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Rows matched:3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK,0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> \q
Bye

12、重启 mysql 服务

 [root@cdh1 linuxidc]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld:                                           [OK]
Starting mysqld:                                           [OK]